The main purpose of the garage is to protect the car from the influence of external negative factors, as well as the storage of all kinds of tools. Construction should be reliable, safe, practical. Under one roof of a spacious equipped room, several cars, motorcycles can simultaneously be located. A well-thought-out layout, the correct location of the inspection pit, shelves will allow serving vehicles fully and comfortably. Each motorist will be able to create their own atmosphere based on the budget and personal needs.
Features of the arrangement and basic requirements
Proper organization of space will greatly simplify the operation of the garage, increase the life of the car, and reduce the likelihood of ignition. Zoning should be carried out taking into account the frequency of possible pollution during repairs, the specifics of lighting, the availability of additional equipment and its dimensions.
When arranging a garage, certain rules must be observed. The construction should have a good gate, reliably protecting it from the penetration of outsiders.
An important factor is the microclimate. The room should be maintained average temperature, humidity.
About fire safety
The reason for most fires in garages is the failure to comply with safety rules. The second place is occupied by natural, natural disasters, spontaneous combustion of dry grass during a drought. To minimize the risk of fire, you should responsibly treat its arrangement. The best option would be a brick frame with reinforced concrete partitions. Also, for the construction of walls, you can use metal corrugated board. The gates should only be metal.
Internal and external surfaces must be treated with special non-combustible mixtures. Paints and varnishes should be with a high degree of resistance to burning, forming a protective cushion when heated. Heaters, waterproofing, topcoats should be treated with flame retardants. All wiring must be carefully insulated. Sources of heating must have thermal protection, supports made of non-combustible stoves.
Warming
There are several ways to insulate a garage. Modern technology makes it easy to do it yourself. More often use internal insulation for all surfaces. Before starting work, it is imperative to calculate the dew point in order to exclude wet walls, the appearance of fungus.The material should be selected based on climatic conditions in the region. The most popular are as follows:
Mineral wool. Artificial insulation with a fibrous structure consists of slag, glass, rocks. It has high thermal insulation characteristics. Minus - high water absorption;
Styrofoam. Effective, cheap material for decorating walls, floors. Cellular plastic mass consists of hermetically soldered granules. Lightweight blocks do not absorb water, do not burden the structure. Polyfoam cannot be used in an aggressive environment;
Penoizol. An analog of polystyrene, but in liquid form. A vapor-permeable, hygroscopic heater is able to absorb moisture and immediately evaporate it;
Expanded clay. Durable, chemical resistant material. It is used only for floor insulation, placed between soil and concrete screed.
The garage insulation work will be done in vain if the gate remains intact - the first source of heat loss. More often they are sheathed with polystyrene foam.
Ventilation
The garage area is usually small, so moisture quickly accumulates there. If you do not change the air volumes periodically, the car will certainly rust in a few years or even at the beginning of use. Also hazardous to the human body in an unventilated area are fueling, toxic materials.
For the garage building, three types of ventilation are used: natural, mechanical, combined. Each method of ventilation is suitable for a particular type of construction. Natural ventilation is the simplest, installation does not require any costs. The movement of air masses occurs under the influence of pressure inside and outside the garage due to its difference. To activate the natural ventilation process, it is necessary to accurately calculate the location of the exhaust and supply pipe.
Cleaning the air in a large, two-story garage with simple ventilation is not effective.Such a room is better equipped with a forced ventilation system. On a large area, only she can provide sufficient traction. Models are supplemented by fans, filters, electric air heater.
Combined ventilation is suitable for a garage with a cellar. In the underground storage, air is cleaned naturally, and it is removed from the structure using forced extracts. The duct is equipped with one or more fans on a mechanical, manual control.
Drainage system
The garage can be used not only for storing cars. Many motorists create workshops in this territory, corners for rest, playing sports. Therefore, the construction should always be clean, dry and comfortable.
To expand opportunities and improve working conditions, the garage must be equipped with a drain. Draining is necessary to remove precipitation, remove water after cleaning, and wash the car. An effective drainage system is mandatory for garages with a viewing hole and a cellar.
The drainage system in the garage building is identical to the apartment. You will need to correctly connect the pipes taking into account the slope for the drainage of liquid into the septic tank. The most reliable material will be plastic, insensitive to oil stains, chemicals.
Variety of projects
The initial stage of construction of any house or garage is the development of the project. Initially, you should evaluate the conditions in which the room will be built, your needs and capabilities. Financial costs must be planned with a margin. It is necessary to take into account a place for a second car, a bicycle, for bikers - a motorcycle. You should also provide a site for storing machines, various mechanisms and other useful things, which cannot be found in the house. You can draw up your project based on the following ready-made schemes:
Simple garage. The design has a gable roof.The frame can be made of metal sheets, brick. The base is concrete slabs. You can equip the room with a window, a drain, an emergency door;
With an additional utility unit. It implies the presence of a utility room inside. The room can be used as a workshop, as a dressing room for workers, to store equipment (workbench, carpentry);
Garage extension. The structure has a common wall with the main structure. Inside the driver can get both from the street and from home. Windows are not provided. The roof is made of any type (pitched, gable);
For two cars. A spacious room can be solid or have a division into zones. Cars are separated by a partition. Convenient layout allows you to store separately any vehicles, bicycles, ATV;
With a pitched roof. Economical, concise design, easy to install. It differs from the standard building only in the slope of the roof.
Garage Electric Lighting
Improvement of the garage includes high-quality lighting. It can be a minimum backlight or capital lamps. The location of lighting devices and their power depends on the frequency of use of the building, as well as the type of work carried out in it. Electrification of utility rooms is a whole range of activities. The installation plan consists of the following steps:
Installation of power cable inside the garage;
Switchboard installation;
The choice of location, the placement of sockets, switches, lighting;
Grounding
It is possible to use devices of any type for electric lighting. Simple incandescent lamps, energy-saving, halogen, fluorescent lamps are suitable. Any model must be installed subject to certain rules. Luminous fluxes should evenly cover the entire area. They are better managed in a modular fashion, creating zone separation.On the table you can put a small lamp of suitable design, put LEDs on the ceiling.
Finishing materials and their characteristics
The choice of cladding for non-residential premises depends on its purpose. The interior design should not only be neat and aesthetically pleasing, but also consistent with the operational focus and structural features. Each surface must be treated with suitable materials that can withstand external factors, withstand the effects of aggressive substances.
Walls
The choice of the best option for wall decoration in the garage is mainly influenced by the size of the budget, room design, interior and personal preferences. Used mixtures, sheet elements should tolerate temperature changes well, easy to clean. When choosing a cladding, it must be borne in mind that repairs in the garage will be infrequent, so it must be strong and durable. The following materials can be distinguished from a wide range:
Plaster. It resists fire well. The mixture applied to the walls does not absorb odor and dust. It is resistant to low temperatures, easy to repair. On top of the plaster, you can apply paint or putty;
Ceramic tile. Reliable, durable material is easy to assemble and clean. Of the disadvantages - high cost, high weight;
PVC panels. Moisture-resistant, non-combustible materials are inferior in strength to all those listed. Do not require additional processing and coating, poorly tolerate low temperature;
Drywall. High strength sheets retain heat well. Cons - the high cost and complexity of installation;
Plastic lining. An option for an aesthetic finish. Under the sheets you can hide communications, wires, insulation. Fragile, fusible material.
Ceiling
Each fresh building has an unaesthetic ceiling.A lot of dust crumbles from the concrete slab, which even powerful ventilation cannot handle. To create comfort and keep warm, it is necessary to produce a high-quality surface finish. The most affordable and often used material for covering the ceiling in the garage is plywood. A laminated wood plate is easily mounted to the frame, has an affordable price.
A practical option is wet plastering. The work takes place in several stages: spraying, priming, covering. This method is not suitable for everyone, since it requires a lot of effort and time.
Drywall ceiling perfectly conceals defects, irregularities, disguises communications. It is only suitable for spacious garages, since at least 5 cm of height is lost during installation. You can hang PVC panels on a wooden, metal frame.
If practicality exceeds the aesthetic appearance in importance, you can use fiberboard, OSB and other pressed wood materials for decorating the ceiling. They can be additionally impregnated with resin, paraffin, painted in any color.
Floor and underground rooms
The simplest floor and underground flooring is concrete screed. Eliminate the shortcomings of the rapidly decaying bulk layer and give it an original appearance using various resistant materials. The most preferred and presentable is tile. Lay it on an adhesive, trying to avoid voids. It is better to choose durable types of coverage, given the weight of a passenger car, truck. It can be rubber, paving slabs, porcelain tile.
Many owners of small garages prefer painting. This method of screed reinforcement has one significant drawback - quick erasure. Home comfort lovers often floor with wooden battens. The polymer coating can be considered ideal. Its performance is on par with the most durable materials.The only negative is the very high cost.
Garage interior
Harmoniously selected colors and the right finish will help turn a plain garage into a designer car room. But in addition to the visual appeal, the interior should be practical and functional. Every thing should have its place, decorative elements are inappropriate here. You can save space and improve the situation inside the garage using the following devices:
Wall hooks for storing wires, buckets, garden tools;
Hanging containers for small items;
Magnetic rails for metal products;
Perforated boards for tools;
Parking for a bicycle, scooter;
Wire boxes, shelves.
Zoning and organization of space
The garage building cannot be called spacious. To facilitate access to the necessary items, to freely leave the machine in storage, it is necessary to correctly distinguish the space. It is recommended to carry out zoning according to the following principle:
Passing space - the zone is always free to move;
Easy access area - for storing frequently used things;
A place for voluminous objects - under the ceiling on the mezzanine you can place suitcases, Christmas decorations;
Essentials - arranging garden tools, rags are made at the very entrance to the garage;
Working area - it is appropriate to put a table, chairs, necessary tools for your favorite activities in the mini-workshop.
Furniture selection
The amount of furniture depends on the area of the garage building and its necessity. Conventionally, it can be divided into tables and racks. The configuration of such items is directly affected by the specifics of the planned work.
Special furniture for outbuildings is not distinguished by style and pomp. It is usually made of durable metal. Open structures allow you to store heavy loads.In closed cabinets and drawers, it is appropriate to place tools and supplies.
In the garage workshop you can equip a workbench and other useful headsets. On special installations it is convenient to carry out carpentry, locksmithing. They are equipped with tool holders, special lamps, metal surfaces that are not afraid of any scratches.
Garage Equipment
Car enthusiasts who plan to do more serious car repairs in the garage than simply replacing the wheels should provide space for additional equipment. Convenient units for a private building can be considered the following:
High pressure washer. Used to wash the machine, all kinds of internal, external surfaces. They produce household, professional units, heated, stationary, autonomous;
Welding machine. At home, it is used to create tight one-piece joints. With it, sections of the fence are brewed, the metal door is repaired;
Compressor. Effective hand pump replacement. Compresses, delivers air under pressure;
Hydraulic Press. On the unit, work is carried out on shrinkage, pressing out bushings, sleeves;
Water-oil separator. The device is used when painting the machine to evenly distribute the paint over the metal. The unit cleans the air of oil droplets, harmful fumes;
Drilling machine. Used to perform precise drilling, minimal milling work.
Goal
The main criterion for choosing a gate is reliable protection of the machine and valuables stored in the garage. The design should be convenient and simple. The quality and functionality of the door has a huge impact on the indoor microclimate and the safety of car parts.
Common gate models are sectional. The canvas is made of several aluminum, galvanized elements arranged horizontally. When opened, the canvas shifts upward, gathers under the ceiling.The identical operation mechanism and the lift have a roll gate. A sheet of profiled strips is wound when opened onto a shaft under the upper opening.
Lift gates require a lot of free space, so they are rarely chosen. Simple swing structures are preferable for the Russian consumer. This type of garage door is the most common and affordable. Metal sashes open outwards, which saves the interior space.
Conclusion
It is necessary to equip the garage during its operation. It will be comfortable and functional while maintaining cleanliness and timely repairs. Properly selected materials for surface finishing, quality furniture and additional equipment will make finding it the most enjoyable.
The main purpose of the garage is to protect the car from the influence of external negative factors, as well as the storage of all kinds of tools. Construction should be reliable, safe, practical. Under one roof of a spacious equipped room, several cars, motorcycles can simultaneously be located. A well-thought-out layout, the correct location of the inspection pit, shelves will allow serving vehicles fully and comfortably. Each motorist will be able to create their own atmosphere based on the budget and personal needs.
Content
Features of the arrangement and basic requirements
Proper organization of space will greatly simplify the operation of the garage, increase the life of the car, and reduce the likelihood of ignition. Zoning should be carried out taking into account the frequency of possible pollution during repairs, the specifics of lighting, the availability of additional equipment and its dimensions.
When arranging a garage, certain rules must be observed. The construction should have a good gate, reliably protecting it from the penetration of outsiders.
About fire safety
The reason for most fires in garages is the failure to comply with safety rules. The second place is occupied by natural, natural disasters, spontaneous combustion of dry grass during a drought. To minimize the risk of fire, you should responsibly treat its arrangement. The best option would be a brick frame with reinforced concrete partitions. Also, for the construction of walls, you can use metal corrugated board. The gates should only be metal.
Internal and external surfaces must be treated with special non-combustible mixtures. Paints and varnishes should be with a high degree of resistance to burning, forming a protective cushion when heated. Heaters, waterproofing, topcoats should be treated with flame retardants. All wiring must be carefully insulated. Sources of heating must have thermal protection, supports made of non-combustible stoves.
Warming
There are several ways to insulate a garage. Modern technology makes it easy to do it yourself. More often use internal insulation for all surfaces. Before starting work, it is imperative to calculate the dew point in order to exclude wet walls, the appearance of fungus.The material should be selected based on climatic conditions in the region. The most popular are as follows:
Ventilation
The garage area is usually small, so moisture quickly accumulates there. If you do not change the air volumes periodically, the car will certainly rust in a few years or even at the beginning of use. Also hazardous to the human body in an unventilated area are fueling, toxic materials.
For the garage building, three types of ventilation are used: natural, mechanical, combined. Each method of ventilation is suitable for a particular type of construction. Natural ventilation is the simplest, installation does not require any costs. The movement of air masses occurs under the influence of pressure inside and outside the garage due to its difference. To activate the natural ventilation process, it is necessary to accurately calculate the location of the exhaust and supply pipe.
Cleaning the air in a large, two-story garage with simple ventilation is not effective.Such a room is better equipped with a forced ventilation system. On a large area, only she can provide sufficient traction. Models are supplemented by fans, filters, electric air heater.
Combined ventilation is suitable for a garage with a cellar. In the underground storage, air is cleaned naturally, and it is removed from the structure using forced extracts. The duct is equipped with one or more fans on a mechanical, manual control.
Drainage system
The garage can be used not only for storing cars. Many motorists create workshops in this territory, corners for rest, playing sports. Therefore, the construction should always be clean, dry and comfortable.
To expand opportunities and improve working conditions, the garage must be equipped with a drain. Draining is necessary to remove precipitation, remove water after cleaning, and wash the car. An effective drainage system is mandatory for garages with a viewing hole and a cellar.
The drainage system in the garage building is identical to the apartment. You will need to correctly connect the pipes taking into account the slope for the drainage of liquid into the septic tank. The most reliable material will be plastic, insensitive to oil stains, chemicals.
Variety of projects
The initial stage of construction of any house or garage is the development of the project. Initially, you should evaluate the conditions in which the room will be built, your needs and capabilities. Financial costs must be planned with a margin. It is necessary to take into account a place for a second car, a bicycle, for bikers - a motorcycle. You should also provide a site for storing machines, various mechanisms and other useful things, which cannot be found in the house. You can draw up your project based on the following ready-made schemes:
Garage Electric Lighting
Improvement of the garage includes high-quality lighting. It can be a minimum backlight or capital lamps. The location of lighting devices and their power depends on the frequency of use of the building, as well as the type of work carried out in it. Electrification of utility rooms is a whole range of activities. The installation plan consists of the following steps:
It is possible to use devices of any type for electric lighting. Simple incandescent lamps, energy-saving, halogen, fluorescent lamps are suitable. Any model must be installed subject to certain rules. Luminous fluxes should evenly cover the entire area. They are better managed in a modular fashion, creating zone separation.On the table you can put a small lamp of suitable design, put LEDs on the ceiling.
Finishing materials and their characteristics
The choice of cladding for non-residential premises depends on its purpose. The interior design should not only be neat and aesthetically pleasing, but also consistent with the operational focus and structural features. Each surface must be treated with suitable materials that can withstand external factors, withstand the effects of aggressive substances.
Walls
The choice of the best option for wall decoration in the garage is mainly influenced by the size of the budget, room design, interior and personal preferences. Used mixtures, sheet elements should tolerate temperature changes well, easy to clean. When choosing a cladding, it must be borne in mind that repairs in the garage will be infrequent, so it must be strong and durable. The following materials can be distinguished from a wide range:
Ceiling
Each fresh building has an unaesthetic ceiling.A lot of dust crumbles from the concrete slab, which even powerful ventilation cannot handle. To create comfort and keep warm, it is necessary to produce a high-quality surface finish. The most affordable and often used material for covering the ceiling in the garage is plywood. A laminated wood plate is easily mounted to the frame, has an affordable price.
A practical option is wet plastering. The work takes place in several stages: spraying, priming, covering. This method is not suitable for everyone, since it requires a lot of effort and time.
Drywall ceiling perfectly conceals defects, irregularities, disguises communications. It is only suitable for spacious garages, since at least 5 cm of height is lost during installation. You can hang PVC panels on a wooden, metal frame.
Floor and underground rooms
The simplest floor and underground flooring is concrete screed. Eliminate the shortcomings of the rapidly decaying bulk layer and give it an original appearance using various resistant materials. The most preferred and presentable is tile. Lay it on an adhesive, trying to avoid voids. It is better to choose durable types of coverage, given the weight of a passenger car, truck. It can be rubber, paving slabs, porcelain tile.
Many owners of small garages prefer painting. This method of screed reinforcement has one significant drawback - quick erasure. Home comfort lovers often floor with wooden battens. The polymer coating can be considered ideal. Its performance is on par with the most durable materials.The only negative is the very high cost.
Garage interior
Harmoniously selected colors and the right finish will help turn a plain garage into a designer car room. But in addition to the visual appeal, the interior should be practical and functional. Every thing should have its place, decorative elements are inappropriate here. You can save space and improve the situation inside the garage using the following devices:
Zoning and organization of space
The garage building cannot be called spacious. To facilitate access to the necessary items, to freely leave the machine in storage, it is necessary to correctly distinguish the space. It is recommended to carry out zoning according to the following principle:
Furniture selection
The amount of furniture depends on the area of the garage building and its necessity. Conventionally, it can be divided into tables and racks. The configuration of such items is directly affected by the specifics of the planned work.
Special furniture for outbuildings is not distinguished by style and pomp. It is usually made of durable metal. Open structures allow you to store heavy loads.In closed cabinets and drawers, it is appropriate to place tools and supplies.
In the garage workshop you can equip a workbench and other useful headsets. On special installations it is convenient to carry out carpentry, locksmithing. They are equipped with tool holders, special lamps, metal surfaces that are not afraid of any scratches.
Garage Equipment
Car enthusiasts who plan to do more serious car repairs in the garage than simply replacing the wheels should provide space for additional equipment. Convenient units for a private building can be considered the following:
Goal
The main criterion for choosing a gate is reliable protection of the machine and valuables stored in the garage. The design should be convenient and simple. The quality and functionality of the door has a huge impact on the indoor microclimate and the safety of car parts.
Common gate models are sectional. The canvas is made of several aluminum, galvanized elements arranged horizontally. When opened, the canvas shifts upward, gathers under the ceiling.The identical operation mechanism and the lift have a roll gate. A sheet of profiled strips is wound when opened onto a shaft under the upper opening.
Lift gates require a lot of free space, so they are rarely chosen. Simple swing structures are preferable for the Russian consumer. This type of garage door is the most common and affordable. Metal sashes open outwards, which saves the interior space.
Conclusion
It is necessary to equip the garage during its operation. It will be comfortable and functional while maintaining cleanliness and timely repairs. Properly selected materials for surface finishing, quality furniture and additional equipment will make finding it the most enjoyable.