Interior

Tiles for facing stoves and fireplaces

Fireplace tile

The stove has long been used to heat homes. Demand in this focus is observed today. Many developers in the construction of houses, cottages often include the design in the project. At the same time, they understand that the appearance of a traditional heat source is no less important than its functionality. As a finishing material, heat-resistant tiles for stoves and fireplaces are used.

If you can even use drywall for cladding a false fireplace, plastic panels imitating stone or brick, then for designing heating devices only special plates suitable mainly from burnt clay are suitable. Manufacturers produce a wide range of products. The choice of a particular option depends on various factors - cost, manufacturer, interior compliance, personal preferences.

Tile selection features

Fireplace decoration performs not only a decorative function. It extends its service life, protects the seams of masonry from damage, protects the structure from mechanical damage. It also allows you to increase the heat capacity and heat transfer of the furnace. When choosing a tile for cladding, you should adhere to certain rules and recommendations for the following parameters:

  • Environmental friendliness. The tile itself is an environmentally friendly material, it does not emit toxins when heated (although this is possible). A great danger is the glue used during installation.
  • Heat resistance. The product must withstand heat up to 1000 ° C and more, and the coefficient of thermal expansion must be less than 7-8%. On the package, heat resistance is indicated by the letter "T". It is also worth paying attention to the icon depicting a flame with numbers inside. It indicates the amount of firing.
  • Moisture resistant. This parameter should not exceed 3%. “E” is used to indicate water absorption, the number following it indicates the coefficient.
  • Thermal conductivity. This indicator affects the heating of the room, maintaining a high temperature in it for a longer time.
  • Wear resistance (PEI). This parameter is inherent exclusively to floor options.
  • Inertness to chemical effects. Icon as a bulb on a black square background. AA products are completely neutral to household chemicals, D are the most unstable, completely lose their original appearance.
  • Grade. The quantity of products with defects in a batch depends on it. For marking color is used: red, blue, green, black.The first corresponds to the 1st grade (<5%), the second to the 2nd (5-25%), the third and fourth to the 3rd (> 25%).
  • Thickness. Preference should be given to materials whose thickness exceeds 8 mm.

Some parameters of product quality can be evaluated visually, for example, design, glaze condition. To determine the curvature, it is enough to take two copies from different packages, attach them to each other with the front side.

Fireplace in the interiorGreen fireplace mantel Gzhel tile for a fireplace Tiles for fireplace and stoves Fireplace Mantel Fireplace in the house

Types of tiles used in decorating stoves and fireplaces

There are many types of heat-resistant tiles. Facing material differs in composition, external characteristics. Choosing the right option will depend on many factors: the purpose of the furnace, operating conditions, and more. The surface of the home fireplace is exposed to severe thermal stress. To avoid cracking of blocks and lagging behind masonry, it is necessary to competently approach the task of choosing tiles and the method of laying. Failure to comply with the process will lead to a quick loss of the original appearance. Each type of laying element has its own characteristics.

Terracotta

Elements have a smooth, polished surface. The tiles are made of white clay by firing at temperatures up to 1000 ° C. The production technology does not include the addition of coloring pigments, chemical elements. In addition to excellent heat resistance, it has an interesting appearance and unusual structure. A drawing may consist of several natural shades, there are compounds of savage stone, wood, brick. The color scheme is from beige to dark gray.

The shape of the finished product is a hexagon, a square. The thickness of the mantelpiece is up to 8 mm. Terracotta differs from other facing materials for furnaces with clear advantages. Universal tiled color facilitates the cleaning process, fine grains of dust will be invisible. Serious dirt can be removed with a damp cloth. The original appearance will complement any interior.The material increases the heat transfer several times, the furnace finished by it will heat the room much faster.

Terracotta ceramic tile

Terracotta can be used for decorating outdoor stoves. The tile does not fade in the sun, tolerates frosts. You can put it on your own without special skills and a complex tool. Use the standard styling method and seamless. Some types of terracotta have special locking systems.

Majolica

Ceramic heat-resistant tiles coated with glaze. The main feature of the material is the presence of painting on the surface. Depending on the type of drawing, there are many varieties of it. Gzhel, Moroccan, Egyptian patterns are especially popular. The stove tile is not suitable for all interiors. According to the figure, you can distinguish expensive options from cheap fakes.

Majolica has all the characteristics of terracotta, has a more dense structure due to the complete filling of pores with glaze. This feature excludes its use in a humid environment (in a bathhouse, in the kitchen). Such tiles are not mass produced. More often they make a limited batch for a specific furnace. The drawing is applied manually or using special forms. On high-quality models that mimic natural materials, it is very rare to repeat patterns and images. The laborious process of making majolica significantly increases its cost.

MajolicaFacing the fireplace with light tiles Beige tile for a fireplace Majolica stove Fire-resistant tile for a fireplace Heat resistant tile

Tile

One of the most popular finishes, although the material does not have sufficient characteristics. Any kind of heat-resistant tile is very susceptible to temperature extremes. If you decide to use ceramic parts for facing the furnace, you need to choose elements without glazing. Their size should not exceed 20x20 cm. The material can not be used outdoors.

Put ceramic on special refractory mastic or glue. They also use metal frame mounting technology.Cement, clay solutions are not suitable, since the material does not absorb moisture at all. Decorating a fireplace or stove with tiles can be done in one tone or varied in patterns.

TileTile Fireplaces Plates for a fireplace in the house Tiled fireplace Furnishing furnaces and fireplaces Tiled stove photo

Brick tile

When choosing the facing material for the furnace, many experts are inclined to this option, as the most profitable and successful. Clinker is made from refractory types of clay of the highest grade. Increase resistance to temperatures due to repeated firing.

Clinker tiles have a modern design, a huge number of color schemes. Elements can be glazed and unglazed. The material has the following characteristics:

  • Naturalness. Clinker is produced without chemical additives and artificial dyes;
  • High resistance to mechanical stress;
  • Resistance to temperature difference. The material is used for indoor and outdoor use;
  • Low moisture absorption
  • Large assortment of types and sizes. Can participate in the project of any style.

Brick tile

Tiles

Clay elements are formed by pressing, then calcined at high temperature. The wrong side of the tile has special sides that make the shape of the box special. Due to this, its heat-saving properties increase.

Installation of tiles occurs using additional elements due to the complex shape of the parts. Mechanical installation requires the preliminary installation of special brackets, rods. The surfaces of the fireplace, on which tiles, do not heat up to high temperature. They can be touched with your bare hand without the risk of a burn.

The main value of the tile is its high aesthetic properties. Due to the variety of sizes and patterns, a fireplace with such a finish will look great in any style. The shape of the parts can be flat, angular, shaped. When laying tiles, its division and cutting is not allowed, otherwise it will lose its unique accumulative properties.

TilesTiled stove The fire burns in the fireplace Tiled stove in the interior Tiled fireplace in the interior Brick fireplaces with tiles

Fireclay tiles

The material has a complex composition. It is made from a mixture of several types of refractory clays and stone flour. The thickness of the elements is 10-30 mm. Some types of plates are equipped with special locks, which allows for an almost monolithic finish.

Fireclay tiles have high moisture resistance and heat resistance. It is able to heat up to 2000 ° C without deforming, without affecting the appearance. The low coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material allows the furnace to maintain temperature for a long time, gradually giving it to the room.

Products for facing furnaces with the addition of chamotte are characterized by increased strength, resistance to alkalis, acids, solvents. They produce fireclay tiles in limited batches. The high cost is justified by worthy quality characteristics, an individual approach to each order.

Fireclay tiles

Porcelain Tiles

The material allows you to make high-quality furnish in a modern style. Porcelain stoneware is used to decorate the facades of any heating units. Such a tile is obtained by dry pressing by mixing clay, homogeneous mixtures of kaolin, silica sand, pigments. Its popularity is easily explained by its special physicochemical properties. This is a low coefficient of abrasion, high mechanical strength, resistance to moisture and temperature extremes.

Fireproof porcelain tiles are available in different colors and textures. It is possible to purchase a facing material with any finish surface structure. The following texture types are popular:

  • Glazed. The front side of the tile is treated with an enamel compound, which hardens and acquires special strength after firing;
  • Waxed. Gloss of the surface is achieved by crystallization of the upper layer before the material is fired;
  • Matt It is not processed additionally after firing, which reduces the cost;
  • Rectified.The required size and shape is achieved by cutting the side parts using special equipment;
  • Polished. After exposure to temperature, the surface is cut off and polished - a shine and a clear pattern appear. Tiles require careful maintenance due to the porous structure of the top layer;
  • Semi-polished. The surface is partially cut, which makes the top layer combined - there is an alternation of dullness and gloss.

Glazed tilesWaxed tile Rectified tile Matte tile Porcelain Tile Fireproof Porcelain Tile

Marble

In addition to tiles, marble columns, figurines, corners, arches and other overhead elements that emphasize the aristocratic design are used for decorating fireplaces. The variety of the plates themselves in color and size makes it possible to choose the right option for the overall style of the room.

Before installing the tiles, it is necessary to strengthen all the surfaces of the heating unit. To do this, the reinforcing mesh is placed on a layer of plaster. Marble tiles are not let out more than 10 mm in thickness, but such a cross section with a large number of elements may be enough to collapse the cladding at the slightest vibration.

The work of facing the fireplace with marble tiles is not easy. The difficulty lies in the careful selection of elements and the choice of adhesive mixture. Parts from the same package may have a different direction of the picture. It is necessary to compare the veins harmoniously and transfer the overall picture to the fireplace. Glue should not leave any marks on a noble surface. Seams are filled with special mastic.

Marble fireplace

Fake diamond

Finishing materials similar to natural tiles are not inferior to them in operational characteristics. Artificial stone is made on the basis of gypsum or Portland cement with expanded clay. All substances are mixed and poured into forms made in the likeness of natural stones. The advantage of facing with this type of material is as follows:

  • Aesthetic appearance;
  • Heat resistance;
  • Low weight of elements;
  • Successful imitation of natural stone;
  • Ease of processing.You can create elements of any shape and size with your own hands;
  • Long service life;
  • Possibility of combination with tiles from other materials (ceramics, natural stone, marble).

Artificial stone fireplaceArtificial stone fireplace in the interior Artificial stone stove Artificial stone stove in the interior Artificial stone for the fireplace Artificial stone fireplace

Tile sizes

For facing fireplaces and stoves, it is necessary to choose a tile of small sizes. Since the thermal unit itself in the house does not have large dimensions, then the material must be selected harmoniously. From small details it is easier to make a beautiful drawing or pattern, and large ones will often have to be cut. Finishing with brick or natural stone tiles looks better if you use elements in their full size.

Popular tile sizes for furnaces are 10X10 mm, 15x15 mm, 18x18 mm, 6x12 mm, 6x18mm, and the thickness is within 8 mm. Installation of materials starts from the corner and moves to the wall. The places where the material adjoins the surface are made out with cut parts.

The fireplace trim format should be commensurate with the proportions of the room itself. All elements must be even and proportional. The slightest deviation of one of the sides can lead the entire row to the side.

Tile shape

Color spectrum

The color of the tiles for stoves and fireplaces should be selected to the overall design of the room. Clinker plates are predominantly natural shades - from pure white to chocolate. The range of shades of porcelain is simply huge. With it, you can create a unique designer design for a thermal unit.

If it is necessary to emphasize the naturalness of the hearth, to bring the construction as close as possible to the rustic stove, choose a clay clay for terracotta cladding. Marble plates, majolica, tile elements produce mainly light colors, complemented by painting, various patterns.

Stove tile color

Stylistic directions

Indoor fireplace - multifunctional unit. In addition to heating, it performs important aesthetic functions, is an original decoration of the central room.The method of decoration, the shape of the tiles has a significant impact on the overall style of the room. There are various ways to make a fireplace attractive. Using the facing tiles, you can decorate the stove or fireplace in the following styles:

  • Under the gzhel. Use majolica, tiles of various shapes. The unique pattern is created individually for fireplaces in the style of rustic, ethno, country;
  • Imitation of masonry. Making a fireplace in a modern style with brick tiles allows you to create a unique atmosphere. Minimalist design involves the complete concealment of a heat source behind a brick false wall;
  • Under the stone. Modern production technologies make it possible to decorate the fireplace with tiles imitating the texture of natural stone. Such material looks great in the English style, chalet, Provence;
  • Mirror tile. The decoration is suitable for modern Scandinavian-style interiors, minimalism, high-tech. Elements with reflective glossy surfaces are often placed inside the hearth to create a flame reflection effect;
  • Panel. You can lay out the original panel above the hearth using porcelain stoneware, clinker tiles, tiles. Patterns with natural motifs, original drawings will perfectly fit into the oriental, eco-style.

Indoor FireplaceFireplace in the room Refractory stove tile Tile fireplace mantel Tiles for fireplace and stoves Clinker fireplace trim

Laying rules

The stove is the focal point in the interior. She should always look beautiful and symmetrical. Facing works are carried out according to the preliminary plan. First of all, you need to determine the type of installation and material, calculate the required number of tiles. Some types of plates can be handled independently. For complex work with preliminary preparation of the foundation, the help of an experienced master will be required. Installation of tile materials is carried out according to certain rules.

Which solution to choose for styling

Tile mortar can be purchased in powder or jelly form.The range of adhesive mixtures for facing furnaces is very diverse, which allows you to choose the right option for a specific type of plates. In composition and purpose, they differ as follows:

  • Sand and cement mortar. Used for laying ceramic, gypsum tiles. The composition includes Portland cement, water, sand;
  • Clay solution. Suitable for tiles, tiles, majolica. Composition - clay, water, fillers. Under the influence of high temperature, the material gains strength;
  • A mixture of clay, sand, cement. It has a complex composition that complements liquid glass and ground chalk. A heavy tile is placed on it (marble, chamotte, porcelain tile);
  • Mastic. Heat-resistant compositions are made of clay, cement, latex, bitumen with the addition of turpentine, a solvent. The proportions depend on the type of material and how it is laid.

Tile Mortar

How to prepare the foundation

Laying tiles for stoves can only be on a flat surface. If this is an old fireplace, it is necessary to remove all layers, leave a bare brick surface. From the intermediate seams, it is necessary to knock out the remains of the solution, having gone deeper than at least 1 cm. You can carry out the work manually using a metal brush or use a grinder and a special nozzle.

Now the base of the furnace must be cleaned of dust and treated with soil. The mixture is applied in several layers until it is no longer absorbed. A reinforcing mesh is fixed to the surface with dowels and primed again. The grid is smeared with a plaster mortar. After it has completely dried, a leveling compound can be applied and beacons installed.

Prepare the base for laying tiles

Seam processing

To grout tile joints begin a few days after installation. Use special heat-resistant mixtures of a suitable tone. Work is carried out using a rubber spatula or a special gun. Depending on the end result, the style of the fireplace, grout with the desired structure is chosen, which will make the seams rough or completely smooth.

Mixtures for processing joints have a different composition. Their main task is the general strengthening of the array of finishes, protection from harmful effects, giving the fireplace or stove an aesthetic appearance. They produce cement and epoxy grouts. Some mixtures are applied in a non-standard way, spreading over the entire surface of the tile. After complete drying, the excess part is removed from the surface with a sponge.

Seam processing

How to care for tiles

Any finishing tile, moisture resistant, heat resistant, does not require special care. Sufficiently periodic wet cleaning using detergents. It is not recommended to use a hard sponge, scraper and other devices that can damage the surface of the elements.

Some types of tiles are washed with alcohol or solvents. Proportions, recommendations for the manufacture of cleaning mixtures, the manufacturer indicates the packaging of the material. To clean the seams, rubbed with an epoxy mixture, you can use any cleaning compounds. If the seam is treated with cement, exclusively gentle solutions without abrasive and acids are used.

How to care for tiles

Conclusion

Facing a fireplace is absolutely not a difficult task, if you are not afraid of dust and dirt in the process. The main thing is to strictly follow the technology, choosing the right material. High-quality tiles will decorate the interior, fill the room with cosiness and warmth.



Graduated from St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technology and Design. More than 100 completed design projects.


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