A light architectural structure, erected in your own garden or at the cottage, will decorate the territory near the house, give the site a complete look, decorated in accordance with all the rules of landscape design. Each person associates a garden pavilion with different sensations and memories. It is the arbors made of wood that allow you to relax in the fresh air, take refuge from the sun's rays, enjoy nature and a barely noticeable breeze.
Several centuries ago, nobles received guests in these buildings, decorating the walls with rich decoration, emphasizing their status. Now that the pace of life has accelerated, the value of the structure remains quite significant. Here you can combine tea drinking with fascinating reading, spend a romantic evening, take a nap in a soothing atmosphere with birds singing, hide from the rain.
As the main material, you can use brick and metal. But most prefer natural wood only. Among the features of this raw material, one can distinguish its smell, which has a peculiar effect on the person himself. It saturates with energy and joy. Also, the tree creates a feeling of ease, coziness, comfort and warmth.
Wooden arbors are distinguished by their unique, unique look. The material makes it possible to erect structures corresponding to any stylistic orientation, as well as make them multifunctional. By their purpose, all garden pavilions can be divided into several main categories:
For privacy. Hidden in the garden or closed with curtains, from prying eyes. Here you can spend time calmly, organize a romantic evening.
For shelter. Allow to hide from sunshine and heavy rain.
For review. The pavilion, from which a gorgeous view of the mountains, rivers, ponds, forest.
For the company. Spacious constructions in which you can receive and accommodate guests, give them tea, spend a fun, noisy party.
Decorative. Used to adjust landscape design, allow you to hide problem areas.
Multifunctional, combined. They combine a recreation area with a place for cooking. The building is equipped with barbecue or stove.
Advantages and disadvantages of wooden arbors
Before you build a gazebo on your site, each owner takes into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used in construction, giving preference to the most suitable. It is no coincidence that most opt for wooden structures. This is due to their advantages, namely:
relatively low cost of raw materials;
environmentally friendly wood, has a natural pattern;
does not heat up under the sun;
allows you to build any non-standard structures in one or even several floors;
compatibility with any stylistic design;
long term of operation;
the ability to combine with other building materials;
the tree is easily processed;
do the installation work with your own hands, having minimal construction skills.
Not devoid of structure and weaknesses, which are expressed in the following:
when erecting a barbecue, it is necessary to comply with safety regulations, as the wood is highly flammable;
raw materials are subject to decay, poorly tolerates moisture, temperature changes;
It is a good food base for various pests.
To improve performance, provide maximum protection against natural phenomena, as well as fungus, mold, increase durability, the material should be periodically treated with special varnishes and impregnations.
Types and types of wooden arbors
There are several types of pavilion designs that are selected depending on the preferences of the owner, the seasonality of the use of the structure, the overall style and size of the site. There are three main types of arbors:
Open. They are a frame with a roof. Building is used only in the warm period. To protect against insects, wind, rain, curtains can be installed.
Half open. Along the entire perimeter of the structure, wooden grilles, fences, small sides are installed.
Closed.The buildings have full walls and glazed windows. With a heating system, they can be used even in the cold season.
Among the great variety in shape and size, the following typical designs can be distinguished:
Rectangular, square. The most practical, standard option.
Polygonal. Differ in an unusual look and difficult installation.
Round. They are a classic antique rotunda, often decorated with ampelous, climbing plants.
Combined. Two-story buildings can have a different shape of the site.
According to the design features of the gazebo are divided:
With the presence of sex. The structure has a lower harness with a floor covering laid on it.
Without sex. They are installed on the finished foundation, laid out with paving slabs, paving stones, stone, poured with concrete.
Separately, frameless structures can be distinguished, which are a construction of a wooden beam fixed to a strip, columnar foundation. Walls are erected close to the roof from all or only from two sides. Volumetric semicircular, round versions of interconnected boards look interesting.
Roof structures for gazebos
The type of roof depends on the shape and size of the gazebo itself. For structures built by oneself, it is better to choose simple options, in the form of a single-, gable roof. More complex forms will require designing, additional calculations, special skills. Among the existing varieties, the following models can be distinguished:
Flat. It is characterized by simple installation, however, precipitation accumulates on top. In winter, it may not withstand the load exerted by snow.
Single-handed. In fact, this is the same flat roof, only located at a slight angle. The lower part should be located on the leeward side.
Gable. The most popular option used for rectangular arbors.It has an attractive, neat look.
Four-slope (hip). Consists of two trapezoidal and two triangular planes.
Hipped. All slopes are represented by the same isosceles triangles.
Round (dome). The most difficult option. Consists of curved elements of the same shape.
Multi-slope. A complicated design with several skates and planes of different structure.
The choice of wood for construction
Among the huge selection of wood for the construction of arbors, not many species are used: pine, larch, oak, fir, cedar. This is due to the fact that the building is constantly exposed to natural phenomena. In most cases, preference is given to conifers treated with protective antiseptics, since they have the best price-quality ratio, and are easy to process.
Oak and larch are also used in construction. However, these materials are harder, difficult to process, are not found in all regions, and are characterized by a rather high cost. For the construction of the building, a beam, a rounded log, a board is used. It is better to purchase them at specialized companies or at a sawmill.
When buying, you must check the regulatory documents for compliance with the standard, as well as visually inspect building materials for cracks, rotten ends, and other defects.
Stylistic directions
Wooden structures can be decorated in any style, the variety of which is very great. Among the huge selection, consider the most popular destinations:
Country. This style is characteristic only of wooden buildings. It mixes sophistication and practicality. Appearance depends on the owner’s imagination. It can be an ordinary log cabin, a forester’s house, a rural hut.
Forest. At first glance, the structure has a rough design, is decorated with different snags, is built around an old tree. Thread is welcome.Chairs can be made of logs and stumps.
Classical. It is characterized by strict even lines. Pavilions have certain proportions in the form of four-, hexagonal geometric shapes.
Oriental. Structures are distinguished by the presence of a bizarre domed roof. They are characterized by an arrangement in accordance with the cardinal points. The front side is located on the north side, a canopy from west to east.
Mediterranean style. Wood for an open gazebo is chosen with a soft shade. The direction corresponds to the pergolas with a canopy, under which there is a brick hearth.
Interior decoration and equipment of the gazebo
Build a gazebo on your summer cottage, house adjoining area - this is just part of the work. It still needs to be beautifully designed, to complete the internal arrangement. To make the construction as comfortable as possible, you can use:
Landscaping.
Landscaping with climbing, ampelous plants. This will not only transform the structure, but also hide minor flaws and defects made during the construction.
Install a small artificial pond inside the pavilion.
Decorative elements.
The use of curtains and curtains. Textiles will decorate the building inside and out, save from annoying insects and prying eyes.
The choice of furniture. The wooden arbor will naturally look chairs and a table made of the same material, especially wicker designs. Indoors, you can even use upholstered items.
Carving and installation of additional decorative lattices made of wood.
Lighting. Properly installed lighting will serve as a decorative and practical purpose. It will illuminate the space in the evening and at night, if necessary, you can highlight individual elements.
Essential care
Having spent strength and money on the construction of a gazebo made of wood, each owner wants to use the building for as long as possible.To solve this problem, the construction must be periodically looked after. By following simple rules, you can increase its service life:
Every 3-5 years, the wood must be treated with special protective compounds: flame retardants (protect against fire), antiseptics (from decay, fungi), hydrophobic agents (from moisture).
With mechanical damage to the surface, the cracks formed, other defects should be putty.
When re-painting, it is necessary to thoroughly prepare the base, remove the old coating, perform processing with protective agents, cover the metal fasteners with a primer layer.
Timely cleaning should be performed, especially in the fall, when leaves begin to fall in droves.
At the onset of cold weather, all decorative elements, wooden things are best hidden in a house or garage.
Step-by-step instruction
To build a gazebo with your own hands, wood is the most acceptable material. The only requirement for a street bar and boards is a thorough treatment with flame retardants and antibacterial impregnations. Acting step by step, strictly according to the instructions, you can easily build a beautiful building of closed or open type. A detailed scheme will be needed not only for beginners, but also for experienced builders. At the preparatory stage, it is necessary to study the features of the soil, the need for a foundation, prepare materials and tools.
Drawing of the future building
After the style of the arbor, the form is defined, you can proceed to the design and drawing up. You can borrow a sample from a neighbor, peek at beautiful sketches on the Internet, or create your own unique project. The calculations, reflected on paper, will help to prepare a sufficient amount of materials, save time, correctly distribute their forces.
The drawing of the future gazebo should reflect its type (indoor structure, barbecue area with a fence,modern design) indicating the size of each element. Designs in the first place should be convenient and reliable, therefore, when compiling a plan, some ergonomic rules should be considered:
Recommended arbor size 300x400 cm;
For a small area, it is better to use a frame structure without a 3x3 foundation;
For hexagonal buildings with armchairs and a deck chair per person, there should be 4 square meters of area;
When calculating a summer house with a fireplace, barbecue, you should take into account the dimensions of the stove, the location of furniture, sinks, storage of firewood. A rectangular shape of 3x4, 3x4 is suitable.
Materials and Tools
With a ready-made plan and the necessary tools, building a gazebo with your own hands will not be difficult. In order for the building to fully meet the needs and preferences, it is necessary to study the properties of all available materials and prepare the most suitable. To build a square gazebo, the following building elements will be required:
Foundation - formwork, reinforcing mesh, cement, sand, gravel;
Roof or canopy - roofing sheets, insulation, tiles;
Floorboards;
Decorative barriers - railings, balusters;
Screws, screws, metal angles, nails.
Any work on the construction of the gazebo, regardless of the type of structure and the chosen finish, will be carried out using various tools. It is necessary to prepare:
Drill, drill;
Circular saw, angle cutting device;
Earth garden drill;
Hammer, level, tape measure;
Metal stepladder;
Safety glasses and gloves.
Foundation arrangement
First of all, it is necessary to prepare a pillow of sand and gravel. Concrete blocks are installed on it. Their number will depend on the size and shape of the gazebo.You can do with brick pillars, but it will take a lot of time to strengthen the elements. And this is extra work.
The recommended distance between concrete blocks is 1.5 - 2 meters. For a 10x10 cm beam, a distance of 1.5 meters is chosen, for a profile pipe 6x6 cm - 2 meters. Supports must lie strictly in one plane. Adjust them with a level and a long, even rail.
Settled concrete islands are covered with waterproofing (with mastic and several layers of roofing material), then the lower trim bars are installed. The tree is knocked down with nails, reinforced with metal corners, so that the summer arbor under the influence of the wind does not loosen.
Rack Mounting
Vertical racks are mounted to the lower harness. There are places for them in the corners, on both sides of the entrance and in the center. They can also be buried directly in the ground and concreted. In the upper part they have the same binding as in the lower. Mount the beam strictly according to the level using the diagonal template. When choosing the size of the racks, you must take into account the height of the gazebo. The slightest deviations will negatively affect the strength of the structure and its appearance.
The racks are fixed in a vertical position on the harness with the help of jibs. After the construction is completed, they can be removed so that the slanting beams do not spoil the appearance of the open structure. If temporary fasteners it is decided to leave and hide behind the railing elements, they must be strengthened with metal corners.
Installation of the upper trim and floor boards
After the construction of the foundation, the lower structure of the beams and vertical posts, they proceed to the installation of the upper harness. This is done in almost the same way as on the opposite side, under the floor. Here you can’t do with nails alone, it is necessary to use metal corners, especially if the lower part of the frame is not reinforced with slopes. For safety reasons, the beams of the upper trim should be superimposed on the vertical posts.
After assembling the wooden base, they begin to prepare the boards and lay the floor.They are treated with antifungal fluids, flame retardants and left to dry for several days in the open air. After complete drying, they must be painted with oil paint to maximize the attractiveness of the surface after installation. In addition to unedged boards, modern, more aesthetic options can be used as flooring - a terrace board, a floor rail.
Medium Frame Harness
Fixation in the center is not necessary if the gazebo is on a monolithic strip foundation or is not large. For the rest of the cases, tying in the middle is simply necessary. The transverse bars are attached using metal corners or deepened into racks by several centimeters. Installation in grooves is a more time-consuming process, but reliable.
With an average do-it-yourself strapping, it is important to ensure a reliable connection of the grillage at the corners. If the arbor is large, the beam is not enough in length, fixation is carried out using the "paw" or "half-tree" method. The joints are supported by a vertical beam. When the construction of the frame is completed, you can begin to paint it.
Roof arrangement
The rafter system is attached to the bar of the upper harness. Elements consist of battens connected in the form of a triangle with the help of metal corners. The slings are nailed to the upper beam with nails and additionally fixed with cuts. If the gazebo is large, it is necessary to provide an overhang. To do this, cut a seat in the form of a triangle in each element. To properly fit each leg, you should use the prepared template.
Before finishing fastening the rafters, make sure that the vertical, horizontal installation is correct. Then proceed to filling the crates. The method of installation depends on the type of roofing material and the roof itself. The usual lattice design is suitable for slate, corrugated board.For soft material, it is better to use a solid flooring over the rafters.
Decorative finish
After the gazebo frame is assembled and protected from rainfall by a reliable roof, you can proceed to the decorative finish. For exterior walls, use the following options:
Polycarbonate Cheap, light translucent sheets are the favorite material of summer residents;
Lathing from battens. Allows you to create a cozy atmosphere, hide what is happening inside the carved gazebo from prying eyes;
Decking. Affordable, easy to assemble material;
OSB plate. Oriented particle sheets partially cover the structure from wind and dust. More suitable for zoning.
The interior finish will depend on the material of the frame. If this is a tree, then everything inside will look just as noble. Do not waste money on extra design. It is enough to treat it with an antiseptic with the addition of color. If the building will be used as a recreation area with barbecue, stove, such areas can be strengthened with a facing stone, which can be safely burned during cooking.
Conclusion
You can build a simple arbor from a wooden beam without the participation of professionals. Detailed instructions, master classes based on the experience of simple summer residents will help to avoid mistakes during the construction process. The arrangement of the comfort zone to your taste will allow you to enjoy the weekend and vacation to the fullest.
A light architectural structure, erected in your own garden or at the cottage, will decorate the territory near the house, give the site a complete look, decorated in accordance with all the rules of landscape design. Each person associates a garden pavilion with different sensations and memories. It is the arbors made of wood that allow you to relax in the fresh air, take refuge from the sun's rays, enjoy nature and a barely noticeable breeze.
Several centuries ago, nobles received guests in these buildings, decorating the walls with rich decoration, emphasizing their status. Now that the pace of life has accelerated, the value of the structure remains quite significant. Here you can combine tea drinking with fascinating reading, spend a romantic evening, take a nap in a soothing atmosphere with birds singing, hide from the rain.
Content
Features and purposes of arbors
As the main material, you can use brick and metal. But most prefer natural wood only. Among the features of this raw material, one can distinguish its smell, which has a peculiar effect on the person himself. It saturates with energy and joy. Also, the tree creates a feeling of ease, coziness, comfort and warmth.
Wooden arbors are distinguished by their unique, unique look. The material makes it possible to erect structures corresponding to any stylistic orientation, as well as make them multifunctional. By their purpose, all garden pavilions can be divided into several main categories:
Advantages and disadvantages of wooden arbors
Before you build a gazebo on your site, each owner takes into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used in construction, giving preference to the most suitable. It is no coincidence that most opt for wooden structures. This is due to their advantages, namely:
Not devoid of structure and weaknesses, which are expressed in the following:
Types and types of wooden arbors
There are several types of pavilion designs that are selected depending on the preferences of the owner, the seasonality of the use of the structure, the overall style and size of the site. There are three main types of arbors:
Among the great variety in shape and size, the following typical designs can be distinguished:
According to the design features of the gazebo are divided:
Separately, frameless structures can be distinguished, which are a construction of a wooden beam fixed to a strip, columnar foundation. Walls are erected close to the roof from all or only from two sides. Volumetric semicircular, round versions of interconnected boards look interesting.
Roof structures for gazebos
The type of roof depends on the shape and size of the gazebo itself. For structures built by oneself, it is better to choose simple options, in the form of a single-, gable roof. More complex forms will require designing, additional calculations, special skills. Among the existing varieties, the following models can be distinguished:
The choice of wood for construction
Among the huge selection of wood for the construction of arbors, not many species are used: pine, larch, oak, fir, cedar. This is due to the fact that the building is constantly exposed to natural phenomena. In most cases, preference is given to conifers treated with protective antiseptics, since they have the best price-quality ratio, and are easy to process.
Oak and larch are also used in construction. However, these materials are harder, difficult to process, are not found in all regions, and are characterized by a rather high cost. For the construction of the building, a beam, a rounded log, a board is used. It is better to purchase them at specialized companies or at a sawmill.
Stylistic directions
Wooden structures can be decorated in any style, the variety of which is very great. Among the huge selection, consider the most popular destinations:
Interior decoration and equipment of the gazebo
Build a gazebo on your summer cottage, house adjoining area - this is just part of the work. It still needs to be beautifully designed, to complete the internal arrangement. To make the construction as comfortable as possible, you can use:
Essential care
Having spent strength and money on the construction of a gazebo made of wood, each owner wants to use the building for as long as possible.To solve this problem, the construction must be periodically looked after. By following simple rules, you can increase its service life:
Step-by-step instruction
To build a gazebo with your own hands, wood is the most acceptable material. The only requirement for a street bar and boards is a thorough treatment with flame retardants and antibacterial impregnations. Acting step by step, strictly according to the instructions, you can easily build a beautiful building of closed or open type. A detailed scheme will be needed not only for beginners, but also for experienced builders. At the preparatory stage, it is necessary to study the features of the soil, the need for a foundation, prepare materials and tools.
Drawing of the future building
After the style of the arbor, the form is defined, you can proceed to the design and drawing up. You can borrow a sample from a neighbor, peek at beautiful sketches on the Internet, or create your own unique project. The calculations, reflected on paper, will help to prepare a sufficient amount of materials, save time, correctly distribute their forces.
The drawing of the future gazebo should reflect its type (indoor structure, barbecue area with a fence,modern design) indicating the size of each element. Designs in the first place should be convenient and reliable, therefore, when compiling a plan, some ergonomic rules should be considered:
Materials and Tools
With a ready-made plan and the necessary tools, building a gazebo with your own hands will not be difficult. In order for the building to fully meet the needs and preferences, it is necessary to study the properties of all available materials and prepare the most suitable. To build a square gazebo, the following building elements will be required:
Any work on the construction of the gazebo, regardless of the type of structure and the chosen finish, will be carried out using various tools. It is necessary to prepare:
Foundation arrangement
First of all, it is necessary to prepare a pillow of sand and gravel. Concrete blocks are installed on it. Their number will depend on the size and shape of the gazebo.You can do with brick pillars, but it will take a lot of time to strengthen the elements. And this is extra work.
The recommended distance between concrete blocks is 1.5 - 2 meters. For a 10x10 cm beam, a distance of 1.5 meters is chosen, for a profile pipe 6x6 cm - 2 meters. Supports must lie strictly in one plane. Adjust them with a level and a long, even rail.
Settled concrete islands are covered with waterproofing (with mastic and several layers of roofing material), then the lower trim bars are installed. The tree is knocked down with nails, reinforced with metal corners, so that the summer arbor under the influence of the wind does not loosen.
Rack Mounting
Vertical racks are mounted to the lower harness. There are places for them in the corners, on both sides of the entrance and in the center. They can also be buried directly in the ground and concreted. In the upper part they have the same binding as in the lower. Mount the beam strictly according to the level using the diagonal template. When choosing the size of the racks, you must take into account the height of the gazebo. The slightest deviations will negatively affect the strength of the structure and its appearance.
The racks are fixed in a vertical position on the harness with the help of jibs. After the construction is completed, they can be removed so that the slanting beams do not spoil the appearance of the open structure. If temporary fasteners it is decided to leave and hide behind the railing elements, they must be strengthened with metal corners.
Installation of the upper trim and floor boards
After the construction of the foundation, the lower structure of the beams and vertical posts, they proceed to the installation of the upper harness. This is done in almost the same way as on the opposite side, under the floor. Here you can’t do with nails alone, it is necessary to use metal corners, especially if the lower part of the frame is not reinforced with slopes. For safety reasons, the beams of the upper trim should be superimposed on the vertical posts.
After assembling the wooden base, they begin to prepare the boards and lay the floor.They are treated with antifungal fluids, flame retardants and left to dry for several days in the open air. After complete drying, they must be painted with oil paint to maximize the attractiveness of the surface after installation. In addition to unedged boards, modern, more aesthetic options can be used as flooring - a terrace board, a floor rail.
Medium Frame Harness
Fixation in the center is not necessary if the gazebo is on a monolithic strip foundation or is not large. For the rest of the cases, tying in the middle is simply necessary. The transverse bars are attached using metal corners or deepened into racks by several centimeters. Installation in grooves is a more time-consuming process, but reliable.
With an average do-it-yourself strapping, it is important to ensure a reliable connection of the grillage at the corners. If the arbor is large, the beam is not enough in length, fixation is carried out using the "paw" or "half-tree" method. The joints are supported by a vertical beam. When the construction of the frame is completed, you can begin to paint it.
Roof arrangement
The rafter system is attached to the bar of the upper harness. Elements consist of battens connected in the form of a triangle with the help of metal corners. The slings are nailed to the upper beam with nails and additionally fixed with cuts. If the gazebo is large, it is necessary to provide an overhang. To do this, cut a seat in the form of a triangle in each element. To properly fit each leg, you should use the prepared template.
Before finishing fastening the rafters, make sure that the vertical, horizontal installation is correct. Then proceed to filling the crates. The method of installation depends on the type of roofing material and the roof itself. The usual lattice design is suitable for slate, corrugated board.For soft material, it is better to use a solid flooring over the rafters.
Decorative finish
After the gazebo frame is assembled and protected from rainfall by a reliable roof, you can proceed to the decorative finish. For exterior walls, use the following options:
The interior finish will depend on the material of the frame. If this is a tree, then everything inside will look just as noble. Do not waste money on extra design. It is enough to treat it with an antiseptic with the addition of color. If the building will be used as a recreation area with barbecue, stove, such areas can be strengthened with a facing stone, which can be safely burned during cooking.
Conclusion
You can build a simple arbor from a wooden beam without the participation of professionals. Detailed instructions, master classes based on the experience of simple summer residents will help to avoid mistakes during the construction process. The arrangement of the comfort zone to your taste will allow you to enjoy the weekend and vacation to the fullest.