The installation of the hood is a necessary measure, especially for kitchens in apartment buildings with poorly functioning natural ventilation. The correct air purifier should be the same width as the stove or protrude slightly beyond its edges. The height of the location and type of fastening depend on the type of hob, functions, modes and power of odor-removing devices.
The main task of the hoods is to clean the air of unpleasant odors, harmful particles of soot, smoke. Forced ventilation will ensure cleanliness and fresh air in the room, prevent the development of many respiratory diseases, the spread of allergens.The operation of the basic functions is simple and straightforward. But modern models can be equipped with additional useful features. To make the hood control as pleasant as possible, manufacturers use the following developments:
Sensors, digital indication;
Ability to control from a remote control at a distance;
Automatic, arbitrary timers;
Sensors that respond to external changes (steam, humidity, temperature, movement of objects, etc.).
Hood operation modes
Exhaust equipment is able to work in two modes. This is a regular air vent and recirculation. Some modern models are equipped with two functions that change the operating mode when switching.
Air cleaners remove oxygen from the kitchen through the ventilation system, saturated with vapors, particles of soot. Also eliminated fat, combustion products, odor. A powerful exhaust motor draws out contaminated air in a timely manner, preventing fat and soot from settling on the inside of the device.
The filtration and recirculation mode allows you to draw in harmful impurities along with air, clean and return it to the room. This cleaning method is usually used in rooms without natural ventilation, in the absence of the ability to connect to the ventilation duct, if very weak draft. The equipment copes with the task thanks to the carbon filter.
What power should the hood be?
The main indicators when choosing a hood are the amount of cleaned air, technical data. The capacity indicated in the documents by the manufacturer indicates the amount of intake cubic meters of air in one hour. During this period, oxygen in the kitchen is updated, processed 15 - 20 times. It depends on the intensity of the vapors.
The power of the exhaust device depends on the performance of the fan. The optimal characteristics of the equipment are calculated according to a special formula taking into account the area of the kitchen, the height of the ceilings, the number of family members, type of hob. The performance feature is affected by the installation feature.The sharp bends of the duct, the pipe with corrugated walls add noise and reduce productivity by 5 - 10%.
If the owners of the apartment or house smoke in the kitchen, it is better to choose a hood with increased power. But it is worth considering that such models can not work silently. The best option is devices with a power regulator. Periodic cleaning of the filters will also help reduce the feeling of discomfort.
Types of hoods and installation technique
Upgraded hoods vary in many ways. When choosing a device, it is necessary to take into account not only the appearance and power of the equipment, but also the method of fastening above the stove, a set of useful functions and other factors. Before buying such a product, you should make sure that all the necessary requirements are taken into account: performance, practicality, decorative features, type of installation.
Outboard
The peculiarity of the suspended models is the operation without air exhaust according to the recirculation principle. Flat hoods absorb steam and odors and are cleaned with filters. Grease control schemes play a major role. Models from a low price category are equipped with an acrylic filter, and more expensive ones with aluminum.
The hood got its name due to the installation method. In order to save space, it is mounted on the wall between the kitchen cabinet and the ceiling parallel to the surface of the stove. The equipment is fixed with screws, a slot for a corrugated pipe is made in a decorative box or furniture. One side of the hose leads to the device, and the other to the ventilation duct. Suspended hoods have many advantages:
Ease of installation;
Energy saving at work;
Minimum noise;
Reusable filtration system;
Nice, compact design.
Recessed
Models successfully hide in various kitchen furniture and do not violate the style of the interior. The power of such hoods will be quite enough for typical Khrushchev.Thanks to the installation features, they take up little space, the frame and duct are placed in a special cabinet.
It is necessary to start the installation of air-cleaning equipment with furniture. If the cabinet matches the dimensions of the device, you just need to make the necessary holes in it. If the hood is larger than the prepared compartment, the cabinet is dismantled or a special box is used for fastening. A facade is installed on top of the structure. The advantages of built-in hoods include the following features:
Devices do not stand out in the general interior;
High power with small size;
Large selection of sizes, additional functions and other parameters;
Ease of installation, both supply and circulation models.
When installing the built-in cooker hood in the kitchen, the recommended distance from the appliance to the burners must be observed. For gas stoves - 80 cm, for electric ones - 65 cm. Too low a location jeopardizes the safety of the equipment, and a high one will not be effective.
Wall mounted
A popular modern version in the form of a pipe differs in the way of fastening. The wall hood is mounted above the hob, and the duct and filters are mounted directly to the wall. Such models can work in any of two modes: filter cleaning, air outlet to ventilation. The device is fully visible. Therefore, when choosing equipment, one should take into account the correspondence of its design to the general style of the kitchen. The hood can be flat as a picture or bulky in the form of a dome.
At the first stage of installation, it is necessary to make markings on the wall and indicate the location of the device where it will be hung. Then you need to determine the placement of the duct. The operation is simplified if the ventilation window is located above the stove. For distant locations, you will need to use a corrugated hose. Non-aesthetic elements can be hidden in a box of drywall.
Inclined
Similar models differ in interesting design, compactness. Inclined hoods are located at a certain angle to the horizontal. They are characterized by high performance. Do-it-yourself air-cleaning equipment can be mounted in the middle of hanging cabinets. There is a great opportunity to choose a hood of any stylistic direction from a large lineup.
Inclined exhaust units often operate in the mode of output of air masses through the ventilation shaft. Even with the smallest dimensions, they do an excellent job with the task.
The specifics of the installation are determined by the model of the device, the type of surface of the plate. The use of heat-resistant materials in the manufacture of the hood allows you to hang it much closer to the hob. The optimal distance from the burners of the electric stove is 35 cm, from the gas one - 55 cm.
Corner
Angular type air purifiers belong to suspended. Manufacturers produce T-shaped models or domes. You can also find inclined flat devices. But for their installation will require additional preparation of the corner walls. This arrangement allows you to harmoniously hide the duct, mask communications. It will be attached to the walls or edges of hanging cabinets.
Corner hoods can not be called cheap. When choosing, special attention should be paid to the material. They can be steel, aluminum, ceramic, glass coating. There are also many models suitable only for a certain angle. The exception is domed, round structures.
Choosing equipment for an already equipped kitchen, it is necessary to compare its dimensions with a stove. It should also be designed for angular positioning. This combination will add some zest to the interior. If the installation plan is a retractable structure, it should be provided for its unhindered use.
Island
The range of such models is minimal.Often island constructions are made according to an individual project, taking into account the smallest features of the hob and the room as a whole. A designer product is suitable only for a certain kitchen set, located in the middle of a room with borders on one wall or without borders at all. Island devices differ only in the way of placement - hanging from the ceiling.
Three types of island hoods are distinguished by their shape. The flat panel looks weightless, it is standard and folding. It can be built in both near the working surface and under the ceiling. Dome hoods look great in spacious kitchens. Curved flat panel is a combination product.
Installation of the duct and the laying of communications takes place under the ceiling. Further hoses and wires are hidden behind a suspended ceiling coating. Such hoods are fastened with cables or studs with collets.
Electrical Connection Rules
After the right choice of hood is made, you need to think about its safe connection to the mains. All devices operate on 220 V, which allows power from a simple outlet. Warranties can be retained if the hood is connected to a grounded socket with a high degree of protection. The outlet for air cleaning equipment must comply with the following rules:
The presence of the IP62 marking guarantees safe performance when wet (suitable for kitchens, bathrooms);
The minimum distance from tables and shelves is 20 cm;
Indentation away from the hood body at least 30 cm;
If the total power of household appliances in the kitchen exceeds 4 kW, a separate line must be drawn for the hood;
It is better to place the outlet higher from the floor and gas source, at the level of 1.5-2 meters.
The power of most hoods does not exceed the average norm of 500 watts. Therefore, in the absence of a nearby outlet, you can power the device with a cable.Strobing a wall is not necessary at all, you can use open wiring by placing the cable in a special plastic box.
Ventilation duct installation
The hood is operated by connecting to the ventilation duct. All pollution from the kitchen is discharged into the mine shaft of the house or thrown out into the street. As an air duct, you can use a plastic pipe or corrugation. The latter method is not popular because it emits a lot of noise during operation.
Ducts are round and rectangular. For each they use their own type of fastening, shaped adapter, hidden method in the wall. During installation, all requirements indicated in the equipment certificate must be taken into account. For the ventilation duct, air ducts of the same diameter are used, turns and narrowings should be minimized.
Duct size
The effective operation of the hood depends on the size of the duct. When buying a product, you must calculate its diameter. A pipe of any material should fit exactly both to the opening of the ventilation shaft and to the exhaust hood. An incorrectly calculated value will significantly reduce the efficiency of the equipment, increase the load on the joints, increase the noise.
You can correctly calculate the size of the corrugation of the pipe by measuring the diameter of the pipe on the hood and the very hole of the ventilation duct. If the duct is smaller, it is necessary to expand it and ensure complete tightness by connecting an adapter of a suitable diameter.
According to the standard dimensional grid for round ducts, products with a diameter of 8 - 30 cm can be found on sale. Rectangular products for T-shaped, built-in hoods must be supplemented with adapters. The most popular sizes are 5 x 10 cm, 8 x 15 cm.
Before buying a corrugation for an air duct, it is necessary to clarify its length in a stretched form. The ideal size with a margin of 3 meters. You can always get rid of excess.
Mounting the corrugation to the hood and ventilation
Before starting work, it is necessary to clean the ventilation in the house or apartment. Then check the integrity of the duct. We inspect the plastic pipe for chips, various defects. The corrugation must be stretched to its full length, examined the constituent elements. Then, seal the hood of the hood with a sealant and fit a pipe on it. You can fix it with a special clamp or ordinary wire.
While the structure dries, you can start preparing the ventilation hole. We fasten a special grill with a ledge with screws to the wall, put on a corrugation or a plastic pipe with a sealant and fix it with a clamp. When mounting, be sure to leave the trellis hole open for natural air circulation. You can check the operation of the hood by bringing a piece of paper to the surface of the turned on device at full power. Holding the sheet is a sign of quality installation and proper suction.
Fixing the duct to the wall
Lightweight, short plastic pipes can simply be glued to the wall, wooden surface of furniture with ordinary silicone. This method of fixation is not suitable for walls, tiled or glued with wallpaper. Difficulties also arise with a long air duct, more than 100 cm. In this case, tight clamps with dowels are used for fastening.
Metal pipes for the hood are attached to the wall using the bracket-hinges. The solution is unique for all sizes and does not depend on the remoteness of the installation site. Thanks to this method of fastening, you can reduce the hum, vibration. Also, the use of bracket-loops allows you to additionally compress the joints of some sections.
How and where to remove the duct
If there are problems during the installation of the hood, it is impossible to crash into the natural circulation channel, then the only option is to remove the duct outside the room through the wall. Such a solution would also be best for a private home.If possible, the hood should be placed on the opposite side of the window.
To bring the pipe out into the street, you will need to lay a channel of minimum length. It is better to use a corrugation of circular cross section, to do with just one turn. It is possible to prevent leakage and freezing of the channel if a check valve is installed. It must also be insulated with a moisture-proof insulator. A protective umbrella is installed on the pipe from the outside of the wall, preventing it from getting wet.
The duct must be placed in a special box before being sent to the wall. It should be a solid plastic, drywall construction, capable of supporting its own weight and the weight of the exhaust pipe. All parts of the box are tightly adjacent to each other. Before finally masking the duct, it should be checked for leaks.
Conclusion
Installation of the hood can be done independently with a minimum set of tools. When carrying out electrical work, safety must not be forgotten. Strict adherence to installation recommendations will avoid numerous operational problems. It is necessary at least once every six months to change the filters and carry out a thorough cleaning of the exhaust device. If this is not done, the equipment will cease to function.
The installation of the hood is a necessary measure, especially for kitchens in apartment buildings with poorly functioning natural ventilation. The correct air purifier should be the same width as the stove or protrude slightly beyond its edges. The height of the location and type of fastening depend on the type of hob, functions, modes and power of odor-removing devices.
Content
Features of kitchen hoods
The main task of the hoods is to clean the air of unpleasant odors, harmful particles of soot, smoke. Forced ventilation will ensure cleanliness and fresh air in the room, prevent the development of many respiratory diseases, the spread of allergens.The operation of the basic functions is simple and straightforward. But modern models can be equipped with additional useful features. To make the hood control as pleasant as possible, manufacturers use the following developments:
Hood operation modes
Exhaust equipment is able to work in two modes. This is a regular air vent and recirculation. Some modern models are equipped with two functions that change the operating mode when switching.
Air cleaners remove oxygen from the kitchen through the ventilation system, saturated with vapors, particles of soot. Also eliminated fat, combustion products, odor. A powerful exhaust motor draws out contaminated air in a timely manner, preventing fat and soot from settling on the inside of the device.
The filtration and recirculation mode allows you to draw in harmful impurities along with air, clean and return it to the room. This cleaning method is usually used in rooms without natural ventilation, in the absence of the ability to connect to the ventilation duct, if very weak draft. The equipment copes with the task thanks to the carbon filter.
What power should the hood be?
The main indicators when choosing a hood are the amount of cleaned air, technical data. The capacity indicated in the documents by the manufacturer indicates the amount of intake cubic meters of air in one hour. During this period, oxygen in the kitchen is updated, processed 15 - 20 times. It depends on the intensity of the vapors.
The power of the exhaust device depends on the performance of the fan. The optimal characteristics of the equipment are calculated according to a special formula taking into account the area of the kitchen, the height of the ceilings, the number of family members, type of hob. The performance feature is affected by the installation feature.The sharp bends of the duct, the pipe with corrugated walls add noise and reduce productivity by 5 - 10%.
If the owners of the apartment or house smoke in the kitchen, it is better to choose a hood with increased power. But it is worth considering that such models can not work silently. The best option is devices with a power regulator. Periodic cleaning of the filters will also help reduce the feeling of discomfort.
Types of hoods and installation technique
Upgraded hoods vary in many ways. When choosing a device, it is necessary to take into account not only the appearance and power of the equipment, but also the method of fastening above the stove, a set of useful functions and other factors. Before buying such a product, you should make sure that all the necessary requirements are taken into account: performance, practicality, decorative features, type of installation.
Outboard
The peculiarity of the suspended models is the operation without air exhaust according to the recirculation principle. Flat hoods absorb steam and odors and are cleaned with filters. Grease control schemes play a major role. Models from a low price category are equipped with an acrylic filter, and more expensive ones with aluminum.
The hood got its name due to the installation method. In order to save space, it is mounted on the wall between the kitchen cabinet and the ceiling parallel to the surface of the stove. The equipment is fixed with screws, a slot for a corrugated pipe is made in a decorative box or furniture. One side of the hose leads to the device, and the other to the ventilation duct. Suspended hoods have many advantages:
Recessed
Models successfully hide in various kitchen furniture and do not violate the style of the interior. The power of such hoods will be quite enough for typical Khrushchev.Thanks to the installation features, they take up little space, the frame and duct are placed in a special cabinet.
It is necessary to start the installation of air-cleaning equipment with furniture. If the cabinet matches the dimensions of the device, you just need to make the necessary holes in it. If the hood is larger than the prepared compartment, the cabinet is dismantled or a special box is used for fastening. A facade is installed on top of the structure. The advantages of built-in hoods include the following features:
Wall mounted
A popular modern version in the form of a pipe differs in the way of fastening. The wall hood is mounted above the hob, and the duct and filters are mounted directly to the wall. Such models can work in any of two modes: filter cleaning, air outlet to ventilation. The device is fully visible. Therefore, when choosing equipment, one should take into account the correspondence of its design to the general style of the kitchen. The hood can be flat as a picture or bulky in the form of a dome.
At the first stage of installation, it is necessary to make markings on the wall and indicate the location of the device where it will be hung. Then you need to determine the placement of the duct. The operation is simplified if the ventilation window is located above the stove. For distant locations, you will need to use a corrugated hose. Non-aesthetic elements can be hidden in a box of drywall.
Inclined
Similar models differ in interesting design, compactness. Inclined hoods are located at a certain angle to the horizontal. They are characterized by high performance. Do-it-yourself air-cleaning equipment can be mounted in the middle of hanging cabinets. There is a great opportunity to choose a hood of any stylistic direction from a large lineup.
Inclined exhaust units often operate in the mode of output of air masses through the ventilation shaft. Even with the smallest dimensions, they do an excellent job with the task.
The specifics of the installation are determined by the model of the device, the type of surface of the plate. The use of heat-resistant materials in the manufacture of the hood allows you to hang it much closer to the hob. The optimal distance from the burners of the electric stove is 35 cm, from the gas one - 55 cm.
Corner
Angular type air purifiers belong to suspended. Manufacturers produce T-shaped models or domes. You can also find inclined flat devices. But for their installation will require additional preparation of the corner walls. This arrangement allows you to harmoniously hide the duct, mask communications. It will be attached to the walls or edges of hanging cabinets.
Corner hoods can not be called cheap. When choosing, special attention should be paid to the material. They can be steel, aluminum, ceramic, glass coating. There are also many models suitable only for a certain angle. The exception is domed, round structures.
Choosing equipment for an already equipped kitchen, it is necessary to compare its dimensions with a stove. It should also be designed for angular positioning. This combination will add some zest to the interior. If the installation plan is a retractable structure, it should be provided for its unhindered use.
Island
The range of such models is minimal.Often island constructions are made according to an individual project, taking into account the smallest features of the hob and the room as a whole. A designer product is suitable only for a certain kitchen set, located in the middle of a room with borders on one wall or without borders at all. Island devices differ only in the way of placement - hanging from the ceiling.
Three types of island hoods are distinguished by their shape. The flat panel looks weightless, it is standard and folding. It can be built in both near the working surface and under the ceiling. Dome hoods look great in spacious kitchens. Curved flat panel is a combination product.
Installation of the duct and the laying of communications takes place under the ceiling. Further hoses and wires are hidden behind a suspended ceiling coating. Such hoods are fastened with cables or studs with collets.
Electrical Connection Rules
After the right choice of hood is made, you need to think about its safe connection to the mains. All devices operate on 220 V, which allows power from a simple outlet. Warranties can be retained if the hood is connected to a grounded socket with a high degree of protection. The outlet for air cleaning equipment must comply with the following rules:
The power of most hoods does not exceed the average norm of 500 watts. Therefore, in the absence of a nearby outlet, you can power the device with a cable.Strobing a wall is not necessary at all, you can use open wiring by placing the cable in a special plastic box.
Ventilation duct installation
The hood is operated by connecting to the ventilation duct. All pollution from the kitchen is discharged into the mine shaft of the house or thrown out into the street. As an air duct, you can use a plastic pipe or corrugation. The latter method is not popular because it emits a lot of noise during operation.
Ducts are round and rectangular. For each they use their own type of fastening, shaped adapter, hidden method in the wall. During installation, all requirements indicated in the equipment certificate must be taken into account. For the ventilation duct, air ducts of the same diameter are used, turns and narrowings should be minimized.
Duct size
The effective operation of the hood depends on the size of the duct. When buying a product, you must calculate its diameter. A pipe of any material should fit exactly both to the opening of the ventilation shaft and to the exhaust hood. An incorrectly calculated value will significantly reduce the efficiency of the equipment, increase the load on the joints, increase the noise.
You can correctly calculate the size of the corrugation of the pipe by measuring the diameter of the pipe on the hood and the very hole of the ventilation duct. If the duct is smaller, it is necessary to expand it and ensure complete tightness by connecting an adapter of a suitable diameter.
According to the standard dimensional grid for round ducts, products with a diameter of 8 - 30 cm can be found on sale. Rectangular products for T-shaped, built-in hoods must be supplemented with adapters. The most popular sizes are 5 x 10 cm, 8 x 15 cm.
Mounting the corrugation to the hood and ventilation
Before starting work, it is necessary to clean the ventilation in the house or apartment. Then check the integrity of the duct. We inspect the plastic pipe for chips, various defects. The corrugation must be stretched to its full length, examined the constituent elements. Then, seal the hood of the hood with a sealant and fit a pipe on it. You can fix it with a special clamp or ordinary wire.
While the structure dries, you can start preparing the ventilation hole. We fasten a special grill with a ledge with screws to the wall, put on a corrugation or a plastic pipe with a sealant and fix it with a clamp. When mounting, be sure to leave the trellis hole open for natural air circulation. You can check the operation of the hood by bringing a piece of paper to the surface of the turned on device at full power. Holding the sheet is a sign of quality installation and proper suction.
Fixing the duct to the wall
Lightweight, short plastic pipes can simply be glued to the wall, wooden surface of furniture with ordinary silicone. This method of fixation is not suitable for walls, tiled or glued with wallpaper. Difficulties also arise with a long air duct, more than 100 cm. In this case, tight clamps with dowels are used for fastening.
Metal pipes for the hood are attached to the wall using the bracket-hinges. The solution is unique for all sizes and does not depend on the remoteness of the installation site. Thanks to this method of fastening, you can reduce the hum, vibration. Also, the use of bracket-loops allows you to additionally compress the joints of some sections.
How and where to remove the duct
If there are problems during the installation of the hood, it is impossible to crash into the natural circulation channel, then the only option is to remove the duct outside the room through the wall. Such a solution would also be best for a private home.If possible, the hood should be placed on the opposite side of the window.
To bring the pipe out into the street, you will need to lay a channel of minimum length. It is better to use a corrugation of circular cross section, to do with just one turn. It is possible to prevent leakage and freezing of the channel if a check valve is installed. It must also be insulated with a moisture-proof insulator. A protective umbrella is installed on the pipe from the outside of the wall, preventing it from getting wet.
The duct must be placed in a special box before being sent to the wall. It should be a solid plastic, drywall construction, capable of supporting its own weight and the weight of the exhaust pipe. All parts of the box are tightly adjacent to each other. Before finally masking the duct, it should be checked for leaks.
Conclusion
Installation of the hood can be done independently with a minimum set of tools. When carrying out electrical work, safety must not be forgotten. Strict adherence to installation recommendations will avoid numerous operational problems. It is necessary at least once every six months to change the filters and carry out a thorough cleaning of the exhaust device. If this is not done, the equipment will cease to function.