Squeaky wooden structures leading into the bedroom and the nursery do not fit into every interior of modern houses. A worthy alternative to them is metal steps. Despite the difficulties of processing the material and difficulties in installation, metal stairs to the second floor are the most durable and safe option. They differ not only in strength, but also in lightness, the ability to complete the product in the most incredible style. A huge variety of designs, shapes, colors makes it possible to realize various design tasks.
Metal stairs are increasingly used in private construction. Their main advantage is the ability to combine several types of materials during installation. Combinations of iron frame and steps made of wood or stone look good. Such flights of stairs have the following advantages:
Due to its high strength they are able to withstand heavy loads;
Long service life (more than 50 years);
Immunity to internal influences;
Absolutely safe. The material does not support combustion, does not emit harmful substances;
Easy to operate, do not require additional care;
A wide variety of railings, steps, types of installation;
Quick installation. Installation will take several days;
Making a metal structure will be cheaper than collecting the usual steps from wood.
The disadvantages of metal stairs in the house include the laborious process of processing the material. Iron requires periodic impregnation with different compounds against corrosion. It is necessary to weld the structure very carefully so as not to leave rough seams, which in the future will be impossible to smooth. It is better to choose a suitable design and type of steps at the stage of carrying out rough works during the construction of a house. It is necessary to create a detailed drawing, take measurements.
Types of metal stairs
Metal staircases can be of various configurations. They differ in shape, type of frame, installation method. They are made of different metals, the types of which also require certain processing. Purely metal stairs are rarely used indoors.The steps are replaced by plastic, wood, stone.
Straight Marching Stairs
The most popular and easy to manufacture type of construction. It is created taking into account the biomechanics of movement, therefore it is convenient to climb and descend along it. Due to the impressive length of the frame, installation will require a lot of space. In addition to the base, the design includes steps, fixtures, railings. If the height of the country house allows, you can connect several spans in small areas.
Installation of a direct flight of stairs should be carried out strictly according to the instructions. It is necessary to take into account all the nuances of fixing the supporting beams. Installation is permissible on supports with a thickness of at least 6 cm. The angle of inclination in the room should not exceed 38 degrees. Such a ladder can be simply framed or with risers. For fencing, balusters, railings, decorative forging elements are made.
Spiral staircase
Before you make a spiral staircase in the project for building a house, you need to familiarize yourself with some design features. The steps will be placed in a spiral with a slight rounding or with a sharp alternation of turns. A compact staircase can be quite inconvenient during operation.
All screw models have a similar design. A support is installed in the center, and steps are mounted at different heights with a certain run. Such designs take up little space, are highly decorative.
Spiral staircases must have fences. To increase safety, the steps should be covered with non-slip material. The strength of the structure will depend on the material of manufacture and technology. Use forged, welded, cast models.
If design rules are not followed, a spiral staircase can become less comfortable and even dangerous. Due to the limited space and sharp turns, lifting heavy cargo will be difficult.
Swing ladder
Models are used as a street option, as well as inside the house. The design can be purchased ready-made or made with your own hands. For the manufacture of the frame, channels, profile pipes and corners will be required.
Depending on the angle of the spans relative to each other, rotary stairs are of two main types:
With a pad. The option with an intermediate horizontal section at the turn is suitable for small buildings, where the deficit of space is clearly visible. The angle between the spans can be 90 ° and 180 °. The place under the upper part of the inclined frame can be used to store all kinds of things.
With rotary steps. Instead of a platform at the turn, several running steps are built. The angle of the curl determines the number of protrusions of a wedge-shaped shape.
Classification of stairs by type of structure
A private house can be equipped with any type of metal staircase. There are a lot of designs to choose from. After calculating all the parameters and making the correct drawing, you can build an original pedestrian elevator with your own hands. Some types will require a strong frame, while others will cost bolts built into the wall.
On the bowstrings
This method of fixing the steps performs not only the function of fasteners, but also is the original decor of the span. The type of bowstring is selected based on the potential load. This indicator is affected by the frequency of use of the march, the overall design of the room. This part of the stairs should be in perfect harmony with the interior.
There are several ways to attach steps to a bowstring. By variability, this process is divided into the following types:
Steps at the corners. Support for treads are metal corners that attach to the bar. To strengthen the structure using iron studs, massive bolts.
Sliding, mortise steps. The treads are inserted into the special grooves of the support beam. First, they precisely mark it and cut out the notches;
Runaways.More often the method is used for spiral and rotary stairs. Designs have only one bowstring of complex geometric shape. The treads are in the shape of a cone. Their inner edge is attached to the central support, the outer - to the side planks.
On the skewers
Unlike models on bowstrings, the supporting beams are located under the steps and do not go beyond them. All parts of the lifting system are attached to such elements.
Depending on the number of crossbars, metal stairs are divided into several types:
Single Use one kosour, place in the middle of the march;
Double. The steps are mounted on two support beams. The protrusions can be strictly at the edges or with a displacement inward;
Triple. Bearing beams are located at the edges and in the middle. An additional kosour makes sense to install for hardening long steps, more than 2 meters.
For the manufacture of stairs on the kosoura, any durable metal with increased bearing capacity is suitable. Most often they use a channel, a steel pipe. Connect parts using electric welding.
Cantilever
More complex design than previous options. Does not include support beams. The steps are mounted on a spatial metal frame. The construction is carried out in several stages. First, the iron base itself is assembled and attached to the wall. The type of fasteners is chosen for the material of vertical surfaces. The next step will be the installation of steps and steps, finishing with the selected material. At the final stage, a fence is installed along the baseboard wall.
Only a person with experience can make such a model at home alone. The difficulty lies in the need for accurate calculations at the design stage. For installation, you need strong fasteners and a reliable supporting wall.
On the bolets
For the installation of such structures, two types of fasteners are used - vertical and horizontal. The first is installed between the steps, the second in the wall.The strengths of both types put forward special requirements.
The mounting method, shape, size of the horizontal bolts is selected based on the wall material. The prepared hole is filled with a fastening solution, a hairpin is placed, and a threaded connection is fixed. The fastener must be of sufficient length to guarantee the support of the weight of people moving up the stairs. If the design has vertical supports, the bolts are replaced with ordinary pins. Dense entry into the wall provides a rubber sleeve.
Bolt stairs form balusters. They have threads on both sides. One end is attached to the step, the second to the railing. Products can be made of metal, wood or a combined type.
Modular
The design has several advantages over other options. Assembly does not require the use of welding. You can choose the most unimaginable form, suitable for the type of room and interior style. The slope of the modules is simply adjustable, so you can assemble a model of any height.
From the modules you can make a marching, swivel, spiral staircase. To do this, you need to correctly fold and fasten the typesetting elements. Increase rigidity due to support pipes, which are installed through each meter of steps. There are several ways to assemble such a ladder:
Module to module. The kosour is mounted from several elements, covered with plates and twisted with locking screws. When assembled, such a staircase will have a noticeable curvature that cannot be fixed. Due to the weakening of the elements, there is a risk of rapid sagging of the structure.
Threaded studs. Particular assembly of parts eliminates distortion and sagging. The steps are fixed by the principle “module to module”, but are strengthened by welding. The assembly option is suitable if a structural displacement is not planned in the future.
By the principle of clamps. The whole load takes long studs.The pressure is evenly distributed thanks to the rotary flanges for mounting the protrusions. The length and height of the steps can be adjusted independently.
All butt joints of a modular staircase require periodic inspection, as they become loose over time and may collapse. Modules are significantly inferior in strength to solid models.
Features and requirements for the design and manufacture of metal stairs
All responsible structures are manufactured according to GOST standards. Metal stairs are designed to specific standards. Each material has its own acceptable dimensions, the method of placement indoors. Without special skills and experience, only a simple configuration staircase can be independently designed.
First of all, you need to draw a plan of spans. It is necessary to indicate the height of the rooms, the size of the opening of the second floor, the width of the march. Based on the selected sizes, they select the type of structure and its design. The steepness of the stairs is determined by its location and purpose. At this stage, they are determined with the shape and number of steps.
By building standards, the width of the flight of stairs should not be less than 1 meter. Deviations are possible if the design involves a design. The minimum distance from the steps to the ceiling is 2 meters. If it is reduced, then during the descent the adult will have to bend down. The recommended width of the treads is 25 cm. Deviation to the smaller side will make the path unsafe, to the larger one - uncomfortable.
The crucial moment in the preparation of the project is the calculation of the bearing capacity of the frame. All potential loads, the weight of the span itself and the fasteners moving people should be taken into account.
DIY metal stairs
A simple and reliable staircase on two Kosoura can be made in different variations. For any model, the base will be a guide beam that supports the entire march.The lifting system will be mounted on the supporting elements and the steps will be laid. The support may be straight or broken. The latter option is preferable, since it meets all security requirements. To assemble such a frame with your own hands, you will need special equipment and the ability to draw up an accurate drawing.
Project: design features and dimensions
The simplest version of the stairs is a fixed profile between two floors without turns. The basis of the rectilinear design consists of two identical beams located parallel to each other. Fasten elements to the floors of the lower and upper floors.
To make the design of the future staircase yourself, it is necessary to measure the space in which the structure will be located. It is convenient to use a long tape measure, a surface level meter, a special felt-tip pen or a piece of chalk for marking as measuring instruments.
The size of the metal stairs to the second floor should be calculated taking into account the requirements for safety and comfort. The design on two kosoura allows you to adhere to the recommended indicators as accurately as possible. If the area of the house allows, the width of the steps is 1 m, the depth is 25 cm, the height is 20 cm. The angle of inclination of the span should not exceed 40 degrees.
How to make calculations
The drawing should reflect the exact parameters of the future design. To do this, make the following measurements:
The distance from the floor of the first floor to the floor of the second, taking into account the overlap;
The length of the stairs horizontally - calculation in centimeters from the first to the last step;
The size of the opening of the second floor;
Tread depth;
The riser height.
The height of the ceilings is a constant. It is determined by the design of the building. The remaining values can be adjusted to the desired size. To calculate the number of steps, it is necessary to divide the height of the ceiling by the length of the steps.
Determining the size of the kosour is simple, knowing the number of steps. The depth of the protrusions laid down in the project is multiplied by their number. The result will be the length of the projection across the floor. Square the ceiling height and projection length, fold. We extract the root from the result and obtain the length of the kosour.
Necessary tools and material selection
Each process for the manufacture of metal structures begins with the preparatory phase. It is important to choose high-quality durable material to ensure maximum rigidity under vertical load. The best option would be to use a profile pipe 120 X 60 X 4 mm. If the profile wall is thinner, the assembled structure will spring. It will require the installation of additional supports for stability.
The seam on the profile pipe for kosour should be on its narrow side (60 mm). The finished product will look neat after painting, does not require additional stripping. To carry out work on the manufacture of stairs, the following tools will be required:
The construction of a straight staircase on two slopes takes place according to the standard scheme. First, fillies are made from reinforcement, a profile of the required size is cut. At the next stage, the brackets are welded to the supporting devices. Then the channel is turned over to the rib.
Now marking is applied, and clearly observing the distance, the filly is welded. A second channel is applied to the product prepared for fastening and the values are transferred exactly. After welding all the parts, the ladder is brushed away from the metal with sharp burrs, they begin priming and staining.
Mount
A welded metal staircase is ready for installation.There are several ways to fix the kosour in the lower and upper parts. The thickness of the overlap, the features of the device of the elements themselves, and other technical features will affect the choice of a suitable option.
The lower ends of the kosour beams in an inclined position are subjected to pressure, both vertical forces and directed horizontally. Additionally installed supports must withstand the load of all elements. It is important not only to securely fasten the structure, but also to provide excellent stability to the mechanical system. The lower part is installed in several ways:
At the bottom of the kosour and in the floor beam, an angular cut is made. During installation, they are connected to the castle and strengthened with metal corners, vertical studs.
Enough one corner drank on a beam or platform, if it has a sufficient thickness to lower the ends of the stairs deep.
On large and durable platforms, it is possible to create a special emphasis that will reliably hold the lower elements.
The upper part can be mounted using the double-sided sawing method. But if the edges of the stairs are not strong enough, there is a chance of further weakening them due to the vertical direction of the acting forces. In this case, the cutout is made only in the overlap.
Stairs
Mares are specifically designed to set steps on a metal frame. They make markings, drill holes to the size of bolts or self-tapping screws. Most often, the lining is made of wood, but modern interiors accept plastic, durable glass, stone. Using mounting glue, a plywood substrate is attached to the acts. Using clamps, wooden plates are fixed, evenly screwed with screws and bolts.
Fasteners choose a length slightly shorter than the wooden lining. Screw them in only from the bottom, after placing a rubber washer under the hat. Plastic, glass and stone are fixed with glue.For metal steps use welding or bolts.
Railing
At the final stage, walling is installed. Any of the materials will be in perfect harmony with the metal frame of the stairs, so the choice should be made taking into account the general interior and the style of decoration of the rooms of the lower and upper floors. Forged aluminum shields look exquisite. Fences made of plastic and stainless steel are especially practical. The railing from natural materials - wood and multi-colored glass - will fill the room with warmth.
Most types of fencing consist of several parts. These are supporting posts, transverse planks, intermediate balusters and the railing themselves. The stability of the structure depends on the supports and balusters, which are load-bearing elements. Depending on the material of manufacture, they are attached to the steps in several ways: with screws or screws, onto threaded rods, dowels.
Finishing work
As the skin, you can use any of the available materials. It will be he who will determine the final appearance of the design, comfort and ease of use. When choosing, take into account the purpose of the stairs, the frequency of use, the general interior. You can use only wood, drywall, plastic, or combine several options.
Modern technologies allow you to combine metal with any lining material. The universal base is in perfect harmony with both noble wood and affordable polycarbonate. The type of casing is provided at the design stage. To install the steps and rails of each material, you will need to prepare the appropriate fasteners and accessories.
Care: protection and treatment of metal stairs
The main problem of metal products is corrosion. It occurs on surfaces unprotected with special compounds, with high humidity.Immediately after assembly, the structure should be treated with anti-rust agents, and it is especially necessary to pay attention to the joining points of parts. The best methods of protection are galvanization, metallization, varnishing, cathodic processing. At home, you can only use varnish materials, the remaining options will be available at special enterprises.
In addition to basic protection, metal stairs require systematic maintenance. Stainless steel parts are the least demanding. They can be cleaned with soap and water. Shallow scratches are covered with nitric acid.
Brass and bronze are prone to darkening. To give shine to the details, coarse flour, sawdust from the attic, alcohol with toothpaste are used. An oxide film formed on the surface with time is removed by iron oxide powder.
Forged elements made of cast iron and iron do not require special care. It is enough to wipe them with a damp cloth. The difficulty lies in the large number of curly details, each fragment of which will have to be thoroughly cleaned of clogged dirt. To give shine, such balusters are rubbed with special wax.
Conclusion
Self-made staircase on the kosoura is a rather complicated process. A detailed and correctly drawn up drawing will help to avoid mistakes and provide for unpleasant situations during the work. Having noticed a deviation from the circuit in time, you can stop the installation or production and go back a few steps.
Squeaky wooden structures leading into the bedroom and the nursery do not fit into every interior of modern houses. A worthy alternative to them is metal steps. Despite the difficulties of processing the material and difficulties in installation, metal stairs to the second floor are the most durable and safe option. They differ not only in strength, but also in lightness, the ability to complete the product in the most incredible style. A huge variety of designs, shapes, colors makes it possible to realize various design tasks.
Content
Advantages and disadvantages of metal stairs
Metal stairs are increasingly used in private construction. Their main advantage is the ability to combine several types of materials during installation. Combinations of iron frame and steps made of wood or stone look good. Such flights of stairs have the following advantages:
The disadvantages of metal stairs in the house include the laborious process of processing the material. Iron requires periodic impregnation with different compounds against corrosion. It is necessary to weld the structure very carefully so as not to leave rough seams, which in the future will be impossible to smooth. It is better to choose a suitable design and type of steps at the stage of carrying out rough works during the construction of a house. It is necessary to create a detailed drawing, take measurements.
Types of metal stairs
Metal staircases can be of various configurations. They differ in shape, type of frame, installation method. They are made of different metals, the types of which also require certain processing. Purely metal stairs are rarely used indoors.The steps are replaced by plastic, wood, stone.
Straight Marching Stairs
The most popular and easy to manufacture type of construction. It is created taking into account the biomechanics of movement, therefore it is convenient to climb and descend along it. Due to the impressive length of the frame, installation will require a lot of space. In addition to the base, the design includes steps, fixtures, railings. If the height of the country house allows, you can connect several spans in small areas.
Installation of a direct flight of stairs should be carried out strictly according to the instructions. It is necessary to take into account all the nuances of fixing the supporting beams. Installation is permissible on supports with a thickness of at least 6 cm. The angle of inclination in the room should not exceed 38 degrees. Such a ladder can be simply framed or with risers. For fencing, balusters, railings, decorative forging elements are made.
Spiral staircase
Before you make a spiral staircase in the project for building a house, you need to familiarize yourself with some design features. The steps will be placed in a spiral with a slight rounding or with a sharp alternation of turns. A compact staircase can be quite inconvenient during operation.
All screw models have a similar design. A support is installed in the center, and steps are mounted at different heights with a certain run. Such designs take up little space, are highly decorative.
Spiral staircases must have fences. To increase safety, the steps should be covered with non-slip material. The strength of the structure will depend on the material of manufacture and technology. Use forged, welded, cast models.
Swing ladder
Models are used as a street option, as well as inside the house. The design can be purchased ready-made or made with your own hands. For the manufacture of the frame, channels, profile pipes and corners will be required.
Depending on the angle of the spans relative to each other, rotary stairs are of two main types:
Classification of stairs by type of structure
A private house can be equipped with any type of metal staircase. There are a lot of designs to choose from. After calculating all the parameters and making the correct drawing, you can build an original pedestrian elevator with your own hands. Some types will require a strong frame, while others will cost bolts built into the wall.
On the bowstrings
This method of fixing the steps performs not only the function of fasteners, but also is the original decor of the span. The type of bowstring is selected based on the potential load. This indicator is affected by the frequency of use of the march, the overall design of the room. This part of the stairs should be in perfect harmony with the interior.
There are several ways to attach steps to a bowstring. By variability, this process is divided into the following types:
On the skewers
Unlike models on bowstrings, the supporting beams are located under the steps and do not go beyond them. All parts of the lifting system are attached to such elements.
Depending on the number of crossbars, metal stairs are divided into several types:
Cantilever
More complex design than previous options. Does not include support beams. The steps are mounted on a spatial metal frame. The construction is carried out in several stages. First, the iron base itself is assembled and attached to the wall. The type of fasteners is chosen for the material of vertical surfaces. The next step will be the installation of steps and steps, finishing with the selected material. At the final stage, a fence is installed along the baseboard wall.
Only a person with experience can make such a model at home alone. The difficulty lies in the need for accurate calculations at the design stage. For installation, you need strong fasteners and a reliable supporting wall.
On the bolets
For the installation of such structures, two types of fasteners are used - vertical and horizontal. The first is installed between the steps, the second in the wall.The strengths of both types put forward special requirements.
The mounting method, shape, size of the horizontal bolts is selected based on the wall material. The prepared hole is filled with a fastening solution, a hairpin is placed, and a threaded connection is fixed. The fastener must be of sufficient length to guarantee the support of the weight of people moving up the stairs. If the design has vertical supports, the bolts are replaced with ordinary pins. Dense entry into the wall provides a rubber sleeve.
Bolt stairs form balusters. They have threads on both sides. One end is attached to the step, the second to the railing. Products can be made of metal, wood or a combined type.
Modular
The design has several advantages over other options. Assembly does not require the use of welding. You can choose the most unimaginable form, suitable for the type of room and interior style. The slope of the modules is simply adjustable, so you can assemble a model of any height.
From the modules you can make a marching, swivel, spiral staircase. To do this, you need to correctly fold and fasten the typesetting elements. Increase rigidity due to support pipes, which are installed through each meter of steps. There are several ways to assemble such a ladder:
Features and requirements for the design and manufacture of metal stairs
All responsible structures are manufactured according to GOST standards. Metal stairs are designed to specific standards. Each material has its own acceptable dimensions, the method of placement indoors. Without special skills and experience, only a simple configuration staircase can be independently designed.
First of all, you need to draw a plan of spans. It is necessary to indicate the height of the rooms, the size of the opening of the second floor, the width of the march. Based on the selected sizes, they select the type of structure and its design. The steepness of the stairs is determined by its location and purpose. At this stage, they are determined with the shape and number of steps.
By building standards, the width of the flight of stairs should not be less than 1 meter. Deviations are possible if the design involves a design. The minimum distance from the steps to the ceiling is 2 meters. If it is reduced, then during the descent the adult will have to bend down. The recommended width of the treads is 25 cm. Deviation to the smaller side will make the path unsafe, to the larger one - uncomfortable.
The crucial moment in the preparation of the project is the calculation of the bearing capacity of the frame. All potential loads, the weight of the span itself and the fasteners moving people should be taken into account.
DIY metal stairs
A simple and reliable staircase on two Kosoura can be made in different variations. For any model, the base will be a guide beam that supports the entire march.The lifting system will be mounted on the supporting elements and the steps will be laid. The support may be straight or broken. The latter option is preferable, since it meets all security requirements. To assemble such a frame with your own hands, you will need special equipment and the ability to draw up an accurate drawing.
Project: design features and dimensions
The simplest version of the stairs is a fixed profile between two floors without turns. The basis of the rectilinear design consists of two identical beams located parallel to each other. Fasten elements to the floors of the lower and upper floors.
To make the design of the future staircase yourself, it is necessary to measure the space in which the structure will be located. It is convenient to use a long tape measure, a surface level meter, a special felt-tip pen or a piece of chalk for marking as measuring instruments.
The size of the metal stairs to the second floor should be calculated taking into account the requirements for safety and comfort. The design on two kosoura allows you to adhere to the recommended indicators as accurately as possible. If the area of the house allows, the width of the steps is 1 m, the depth is 25 cm, the height is 20 cm. The angle of inclination of the span should not exceed 40 degrees.
How to make calculations
The drawing should reflect the exact parameters of the future design. To do this, make the following measurements:
The height of the ceilings is a constant. It is determined by the design of the building. The remaining values can be adjusted to the desired size. To calculate the number of steps, it is necessary to divide the height of the ceiling by the length of the steps.
Determining the size of the kosour is simple, knowing the number of steps. The depth of the protrusions laid down in the project is multiplied by their number. The result will be the length of the projection across the floor. Square the ceiling height and projection length, fold. We extract the root from the result and obtain the length of the kosour.
Necessary tools and material selection
Each process for the manufacture of metal structures begins with the preparatory phase. It is important to choose high-quality durable material to ensure maximum rigidity under vertical load. The best option would be to use a profile pipe 120 X 60 X 4 mm. If the profile wall is thinner, the assembled structure will spring. It will require the installation of additional supports for stability.
The seam on the profile pipe for kosour should be on its narrow side (60 mm). The finished product will look neat after painting, does not require additional stripping. To carry out work on the manufacture of stairs, the following tools will be required:
Manufacture
The construction of a straight staircase on two slopes takes place according to the standard scheme. First, fillies are made from reinforcement, a profile of the required size is cut. At the next stage, the brackets are welded to the supporting devices. Then the channel is turned over to the rib.
Now marking is applied, and clearly observing the distance, the filly is welded. A second channel is applied to the product prepared for fastening and the values are transferred exactly. After welding all the parts, the ladder is brushed away from the metal with sharp burrs, they begin priming and staining.
Mount
A welded metal staircase is ready for installation.There are several ways to fix the kosour in the lower and upper parts. The thickness of the overlap, the features of the device of the elements themselves, and other technical features will affect the choice of a suitable option.
The lower ends of the kosour beams in an inclined position are subjected to pressure, both vertical forces and directed horizontally. Additionally installed supports must withstand the load of all elements. It is important not only to securely fasten the structure, but also to provide excellent stability to the mechanical system. The lower part is installed in several ways:
The upper part can be mounted using the double-sided sawing method. But if the edges of the stairs are not strong enough, there is a chance of further weakening them due to the vertical direction of the acting forces. In this case, the cutout is made only in the overlap.
Stairs
Mares are specifically designed to set steps on a metal frame. They make markings, drill holes to the size of bolts or self-tapping screws. Most often, the lining is made of wood, but modern interiors accept plastic, durable glass, stone. Using mounting glue, a plywood substrate is attached to the acts. Using clamps, wooden plates are fixed, evenly screwed with screws and bolts.
Fasteners choose a length slightly shorter than the wooden lining. Screw them in only from the bottom, after placing a rubber washer under the hat. Plastic, glass and stone are fixed with glue.For metal steps use welding or bolts.
Railing
At the final stage, walling is installed. Any of the materials will be in perfect harmony with the metal frame of the stairs, so the choice should be made taking into account the general interior and the style of decoration of the rooms of the lower and upper floors. Forged aluminum shields look exquisite. Fences made of plastic and stainless steel are especially practical. The railing from natural materials - wood and multi-colored glass - will fill the room with warmth.
Most types of fencing consist of several parts. These are supporting posts, transverse planks, intermediate balusters and the railing themselves. The stability of the structure depends on the supports and balusters, which are load-bearing elements. Depending on the material of manufacture, they are attached to the steps in several ways: with screws or screws, onto threaded rods, dowels.
Finishing work
As the skin, you can use any of the available materials. It will be he who will determine the final appearance of the design, comfort and ease of use. When choosing, take into account the purpose of the stairs, the frequency of use, the general interior. You can use only wood, drywall, plastic, or combine several options.
Modern technologies allow you to combine metal with any lining material. The universal base is in perfect harmony with both noble wood and affordable polycarbonate. The type of casing is provided at the design stage. To install the steps and rails of each material, you will need to prepare the appropriate fasteners and accessories.
Care: protection and treatment of metal stairs
The main problem of metal products is corrosion. It occurs on surfaces unprotected with special compounds, with high humidity.Immediately after assembly, the structure should be treated with anti-rust agents, and it is especially necessary to pay attention to the joining points of parts. The best methods of protection are galvanization, metallization, varnishing, cathodic processing. At home, you can only use varnish materials, the remaining options will be available at special enterprises.
In addition to basic protection, metal stairs require systematic maintenance. Stainless steel parts are the least demanding. They can be cleaned with soap and water. Shallow scratches are covered with nitric acid.
Brass and bronze are prone to darkening. To give shine to the details, coarse flour, sawdust from the attic, alcohol with toothpaste are used. An oxide film formed on the surface with time is removed by iron oxide powder.
Forged elements made of cast iron and iron do not require special care. It is enough to wipe them with a damp cloth. The difficulty lies in the large number of curly details, each fragment of which will have to be thoroughly cleaned of clogged dirt. To give shine, such balusters are rubbed with special wax.
Conclusion
Self-made staircase on the kosoura is a rather complicated process. A detailed and correctly drawn up drawing will help to avoid mistakes and provide for unpleasant situations during the work. Having noticed a deviation from the circuit in time, you can stop the installation or production and go back a few steps.